Population Ecology

Population ecology is the study of temporal changes in insect distribution and abundance. Patterns of population growth can be predicted from life history data which vary with temperature, food and humidity. Insect environmental and food preferences can influence population growth. Developmental or reproductive diapause can alter the pattern of population growth. Insects feeding on food residues not removed by cleaning can be a source of reinfestation after pest management. Many of stored-product insects infest seed in the field prior to harvest so preharvest pest management may be appropriate.

Studies on population ecology can be used to optimize the timing, coverage and method of implementation of stored-product insect and mite pest management. The 918 references given below illustrate the scope of our current understanding of the population ecology for 188 species of stored-product insects and mites. For 31% of the references, three insect species were most abundant, i. e. Cryptolestes ferrugineus, Rhyzopertha dominica and Tribolium castaneum. The following list includes 26 species of mites and 35 natural enemies (*). For 118 out of the 189 species or 63%, this list has only 1 or 2 references.

Field studies on population dynamics are favored for inclusion in the reference list over laboratory studies or surveys. Some studies on biology and behavior particularly relevant to understanding population ecology also are included. Additional relevant references can be found on the Biological Control, Life Histories of Stored-Product Insects and Mites, Market Surveys of Insect and Mite Infestations, Pre-harvest Infestation and Suitability of Foods pages of this website. For information on the insect species found at various locations consult Differences in Species found Elevators, Mills and Marketing Channels page of this website.

Reviews

Arbogast, R. T. 1991b. Beetles: Coleoptera. Pages 131-176. In Gorham, J. R. (ed.). Ecology and Management of Food-Industry Pests, FDA Techn. Bull. 4., Assoc. Official Analytical Chem., Arlington, Virginia.

Bell, C. H. 1994. A review of diapause in stored-product insects. J. Stored Prod. Res. 30:99-122.

Boczek, Ian. 1991. Mites in stored food. p. 57-79. In Gorham, J. R. (ed.) Ecology and Management of Food-Industry Pests, FDA Techn. Bull. 4., Assoc. Official Analytical Chem., Arlington, Virginia.

Burks, C. S. and J. A. Johnson, 2012. Biology, behavior, and ecology of stored fruit and nut insects. p. 21-32. In D. W. Hagstrum, T. W. Phillips and G. Cuperus (eds.) Stored Product Protection, S156 Manhattan, Kansas: Kansas State University.

Cox, P. D. and C. H. Bell. 1991. Biology and Ecology of Moth Pests of Stored Foods. p. 181-193. In Gorham, J. R. (ed.) Ecology and Management of Food Industry Pests. FDA Techn. Bull. 4., Arlington, Virginia: Assoc. Official Analytical Chem.

Edde, P. A., M. Eaton, S. A. Kells, and T. W. Phillips. 2012. Biology, Behavior, and Ecology of Pests in Other Durable Commodities. p. 45-61. In D. W. Hagstrum, T. W. Phillips and G. Cuperus (eds.) Stored Product Protection, S156 Manhattan, Kansas: Kansas State University.

Farrell, G., and G. G. M. Schulten. Larger grain borer in Africa; a history of efforts to limit its impact. Integrated Pest Management Reviews 7, no. 2 (2002): 67-84.

Girish, G. K. and S. V. Pingale. 1968. Ecology of Stored Grain Insect Pests. Bulletin of Grain Technology 6 (2): 76-95.

Hagstrum, D. W. 1984. The population dynamics of stored products insects pests. p. 10‑19. In Proc. 3rd Intern. Working Conf. of Stored‑Product Entomology.

Hagstrum, D. W. 1991. Commentary on microbial and invertebrate pest ecology. Chapter 19, p. 315‑321. In Gorham, J. R. (ed.) Food and Drug Administration Technical Bulletin 4. Ecology and Management of Food‑Industry Pests.

Hagstrum, D. W., P. W. Flinn and R. W. Howard. 1995. Ecology. p. 71-134. In Bh. Subramanyam and D. W. Hagstrum (eds) Integrated Management of Insects in Stored Products. Marcel Dekker, Inc., N. Y.

Hagstrum, D. W. 1995. Ecology of insect pests of stored wheat. Stored Product Management. Oklahoma State Univ. Coop. Ext. Serv. Circ. E‑912, p. 211-214.

Hagstrum, D. W., C. Reed and P. Kenkel. 1999. Management of stored wheat insect pests. Integr. Pest Management Reviews 4: 127-142.

Hagstrum, D. W., P. W. Flinn, C. R. Reed, and T. W. Phillips. 2010. Ecology and IPM of Insects at Grain Elevators and Flat Storages. Biopesticides International 6: 1-20

Hill, M. G., C. Borgemeister, and C. Nansen. 2002. Ecological studies on the larger grain borer, Prostephanus truncatus (Horn)(Col.: Bostrichidae) and their implications for integrated pest management. Integrated Pest Management Reviews 7: 201-221.

Mahroof, R. M. and D. W. Hagstrum. 2012. Biology, Behavior and Ecology of Insects in Processed Commodities. p. 33-43. In D. W. Hagstrum, T. W. Phillips and G. Cuperus (eds) Stored Product Protection S156. Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS.

Mason, Linda J., and Marissa McDonough. 2012. Biology, behavior, and ecology of stored grain and legume insects. p. 7-20. In D. W. Hagstrum, T. W. Phillips and G. Cuperus (eds.) Stored Product Protection, S156 Manhattan, Kansas: Kansas State University.

Trivedi, T. P. and D. Rajagopal. 1992. Distribution, Biology, Ecology and Management of Potato Tuber Moth, Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae): A Review. International Journal of Pest Management 38(3): 279-285.

Tyler, P.S. and Hodges, R.J. 2002. Phytosanitary measures against the larger grain borer Prostephanus truncatus (Horn) (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae), in international trade Integrated Pest Management Reviews 7:279-289.

Solomon, M. E. 1952. Population dynamics of storage pests. p. 235-248. In Anonymous Transactions of the 9th International Congress of Entomology, August 7-24, 1951, Amsterdam. Dr W. Junk Publishing, Hague, Netherlands.

Solomon, M. E. 1957. Ecology of stored products pests: Progress of a long-term project. Zeitschrift für Pflanzenkrankheiten (Pflanzenpathologie) und Pflanzenschutz 64: 606-612.

Solomon, M. E. 1965. The ecology of pests in stores and houses. p. 345-366. In Goodman, G.T., Edwards, R.W., Lambert, J.M. (eds.) Ecology and the industrial society, Symposium of the British Ecological Society 5, John Wiley and Sons Inc.

References by Insect Species

Acanthoscelides obtectus

Alvarez, Nadir, Leny Mercier, Martine Hossaert-McKey, Jorge Contreras-Garduno, Georges Kunstler, Alexandre Aebi, and Betty Benrey. 2006. Ecological Distribution and Niche Segregation of Sibling Species: The Case of Bean Beetles, Acanthoscelides obtectus Say and A. obvelatus Bridwell. Ecological Entomology 31(6): 582-590.

Arnoux, J., V. Labeyrie, and P. Maison. 1958. Influence de la temperature et de l’insolation sur la migration des Bruches du haricot (Acanthoscelides obtectus Say) dans la nature. (Influence of temperature and insolation on the migration of Bean Bruches (Acanthoscelides obtectus Say) in the wild) Comptes rendus de l’Académie Sciences de Paris 247: 2343-2345.

Herfs, A. 1942. Kleine Beiträge zur Ökologie von Bruchidius (Acanthoscelides) obtectus Say. (Small contributions to the ecology of Bruchidius (Acanthoscelides) obtectus Say). Anzeiger für Schädlingskunde (Journal of Pest Science) 18:61-66.

Jarry, M. 1981. Evolution of spatial patterns of attacks by Acanthoscelides obtectus Say (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) of Phaseolus vulgaris L. pods in south west France, pp. 131-141. In V. Labeyrie (ed.), The Ecology of Bruchidae attacking Legumes (Pulses), Proceedings of the International Symposium, Series Entomologica v. 19, 16-19 April, 1980, Tours, France.

Jarry, M., and A. Chacon. 1983. Influence of Exposure Time of Ripe Pods of Phaseolus-Vulgaris on the Distribution of Eggs of Acanthoscelides-Obtectus in the Field. Entomol. Exp. Appl. 33:213-219.

Jarry, M., A. Chacon, and G. Parfait. 1985. Influence of Temperature-Fluctuations and Hygrometry on the Daily Activity of Acanthoscelides obtectus on Phaseolus vulgaris Plants in the Field. Bulletin De La Societe Zoologique De France-Evolution Et Zoologie 110:395-402.

Krnjaic, S. 1971. Influence of temperature on the population growth of Acanthoscelides obtectus Say. Plant Protection (Zastita Bilja) 22: 213-220.

Larson, A. O. 1924. The effect of weevily seed beans upon the bean crop and upon the dissemination of weevils, Bruchus obtectus Say and B. quadrimaculatus Fab. J. Econ. Entomol. 17:538-548.

Larson, A. O., and Fisher, C. K. 1925. The role of the bean straw stack in the spread of bean weevils. J. Econ. Entomol. 18:696-703.

Menten, L., and J. Menten. 1984. Determination of the Period of Bean (Phaseolus-Vulgaris L) Infestation by Acanthoscelides obtectus (Say, 1813), Under Field Conditions. Turrialba 34: 333-336.

Nolte, H. 1955. Über die Ursachen des Freilandauftretens von Acanthoscelides obtectus Say in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland (Col. Bruchidae). (About the causes of the field occurrence of Acanthoscelides obtectus Say in the Federal Republic of Germany (Col. Bruchidae)) . Dtsch. ent. Z. (N. F. ) 2:296-300.

Perttunen, V. et al. 1969. Effect of Temperature and Light Intensity on Flight Initiation and Take-Off Rate in Acanthoscelides obtectus Say (Col., Bruchidae). Annales Entomologici Fennici Suomen Hyonteistieteellinen Aikakauskirja 35 (4): 190-204.

Pichard, B., B. Leroi, and A. Bonet. 1991. Comparison of the Cycles of Acanthoscelides obtectus and A. obvelatus (Coleopteres, Bruchidae) in Tepoztlan (Mexico). Acta Oecologica-International Journal of Ecology 12:185-201.

Pouzat, J. 1983. Egg-Distribution by Acanthoscelides obtectus on Identical Seeds of Phaseolus vulgaris. Biology of Behaviour 8: 215-230.

Sapunaru, T., C. Filipescu, T. Georgescu, and Y. Bild. 2006. Bioecology and Control of Bean Weevil (Acanthoscelides obtectus). Rev. Cerc. Agron. Moldova 2(126): 5-12.

Thiery, D. 1982. Influence of Water-Content and Hardness of the Testa of Phaseolus-vulgaris Seeds on the Frequency of Penetration of Neonate Larvae of Acanthoscelides obtectus. Entomol. Exp. Appl. 32:141-145.

Thiery, D. 1982. Consequence of Stress Factors on Neonate Larvae of Acanthoscelides obtectus on Penetration Frequency in Stored Bean-Seeds. Entomol. Exp. Appl. 32:195-197.

Thiery, D., and M. Jarry. 1985. Hatching Rhythm in the Bean Weevil Acanthoscelides obtectus and Larval Penetration of Phaseolus-Vulgaris Seeds. Insect Sci. Appl. 6:33-35.

Umeya, K., and T. Kato. 1970. Studies on the comparative ecology of the bean weevils; V. Distribution of the eggs and larvae of Acanthoscelides obtectus in relation to its oviposition and boring behaviour. Researchs on Population Ecology 12: 35-50.

Vasil’ev, I. 1935. Acanthoscelides obtectus Say under field conditions in Abkhazua. Plant Prot. 1:124-130.

Weidner, H. 1982. Uni-und multivoltine Populationen von Acanthoscelides obtectus (Say) in Europa (Coleoptera, Bruchidae). (Univoltine and Multivoltine Populations of Acanthoscelides obtectus Say in Europe (Coleoptera, Bruchidae)). Anzeiger Fur Schadlingskunde Pflanzenschutz Umweltschutz 55:177-181.

Zachariae, G. 1958. Das Verhalten des Speisebohnenkäfers Acanthoscelides obtectus SAY (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) im Freien in Norddeutschland. (The behavior of the edible bean beetle Acanthoscelides obtectus Say (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) outdoors in Northern Germany). Zeitschrift für Angewandte Entomologie 44: 345-365.

Zachariae, G. 1959. Kann sich der Speisebohnenkäfer Acanthoscelides obtectus Say als Freilandschädling in Norddeutschland einbürgern? (Coleoptera, Bruchidae). (Can the edible bean beetle Acanthoscelides obtectus Say become naturalized as outdoor pest in northern Germany? (Coleoptera, Bruchidae)). Z. angew. Ent. 45: 225-267.

Zacher, F. 1950. Ausbreitung des Speisebohnenkafer (Acanthoscelides obtectus Say) in Deutschland. (Spread of edible bean beetle (Acanthoscelides obtectus Say) in Germany). Nachrb. Deutsch. Pflanzenschutzd. Brauschweig 2: 121.

Acarophenax lacunatus*

Oliveira, C. R. F. de, L. R. D. Faroni, R. N. C. Guedes, A. Pallini and J. R. Goncalves. 2006. Dispersion of Acarophenax lacunatus (Cross & Krantz) (Prostigmata : Acarophenacidae) in stored wheat, under artificial conditions. Neotropical Entomology 35: 536-541.

Acaropsellina docta*

Hubert, J., Z. Munzbergova, Z. Kucerova, and V. Stejskal. 2006. Comparison of communities of stored product mites in grain mass and grain residues in the Czech Republic. Experimental and Applied Acarology 39:149-158.

Palyvos, N. E. and N. G. Emmanouel. 2006. Seasonal abundance and vertical distribution of mites in flat storage containing wheat. Phytoparasitica 34(1): 25-36.

Acaropsis sollers*

Mathur, R. B. and Minocha, A. 1989. Influence of natural food density on cannibalism in Acaropsis sollers (Prostigmata : Cheyletidae). Progress in Acarology 2: 225-258.

Acarus farris

Acarus siro

Athanassiou, C., N. Kavallieratos, N. Palyvos, A. Sciarretta and P. Trematerra. 2005. Spatiotemporal distribution of insects and mites in horizontally stored wheat. J. Econ. Entomol. 98: 1058-1069

Athanassiou, C., N. Palyvos, P. Eliopoulos and G. Papadoulis. 2001. Distribution and migration of insects and mites in flat storage containing wheat. Phytoparasitica 29: 379-392.

Berreen, James M. 1974. The development and validation of a simple model for population growth in the grain mite, Acarus siro L. Journal of Stored Products Research 10(3-4): 147-154.

Cusack, P.D. and Brennan, P.A. 1975. Rate of colonization of clean wheat and oatmeal by mites in infested areas of a flour mill. Sci. Proc. R. Dublin Soc. Ser. B 3:341–353.

Fleurat-Lessard, F. 1976. Influence de l’humidite sur le developpement des populations d’acariens dans les stocks d’oleagineux et de cereales. Bulletin OEPP.EPPO bulletin 6: 391-398.

Hunter, F. A. 1965. Fate of the insect mite fauna in a derelict flour mill in the English midlands. p. 644-646. Proceedings of the 12th International Congress Entomology, London 8-16 July1954, Royal Entomological Society of London

Hurlock, E. T., D. M. Armitage and B. E. Llewellin. 1980. Seasonal changes in mite (Acari) and fungal populations in aerated and unaerated wheat stored for three years. Bull. Entomol. Res. 70:537-548.

Kawamoto, H., Sinha, R.N., Muir, W.E., Wood, S.M. 1991. Simulation model of Acarus siro (Acari: Acaridae) in stored wheat. Environ. Entomol. 20:1381–1386.

Kim, Kyu Chin, Seon Gon Kim and Hyeon Soon Choi. 1988. An investigation of insect pest and maximum occurrence period of key pest insects on stored rice grains. Korean J. Appl. Entomol. 27: 117-124.

Kucerova, Z., R. Aulicky, and V. Stejskal. 2003. Accumulation of pest-arthropods in grain residues found in an empty store. Zeitschrift Fur Pflanzenkrankheiten Und Pflanzenschutz-Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection 110: 499-504.

Liscombe, E. A. and F. L. Watters. 1962. Insect and mite infestations in empty granaries in the prairie provinces. Can. Entomol. 94: 433-441.

Sinha, R.N. and Wallace, H.A.H. 1973. Population dynamics of stored-product mites. Oecologia 12: 315–327.

Sinha, Ranendra N. and Hitoshi Kawamoto. 1990. Dynamics and distribution patterns of acarine populations in stored-oat ecosystems. Res. Popul. Ecol. 32: 33-46.

Sinha, R.N. 1974 Seasonal abundance of insects and mites in small farm granaries. Environ. Entomol. 3: 854–862.

Solomon, M. E. 1962. Ecology of the flour mite, Acarus siro L. (= Tyroglyphus farinae DeG.). Annals of Applied Biology, 50(1): 178-184.

Solomon, M.E. 1969. Establishment, growth and decline of populations of the grain mite Acarus siro L. on a handful of wheat. p 255–260. In: Evans G O (ed) Proceedings of the 2nd international congress of acarology, July 1967, Sutton Bonington. Akademiai Kiado, Budapest, Hunagary

Stratil, H., H. Stratil, and W. Knulle. 1981. Ökologische Untersuchungen zur Oberflächenvermilbung des Lagergetreides (Ecological-Studies of Mite Infestation at the Surface-Layer of Stored Grain) Zeitschrift Fur Angewandte Entomologie-Journal of Applied Entomology 92(1-5): 113-120.

Szlendak, E., and J. Boczek. 1992. Population development of the grain mite Acarus siro L. [Acari: Acaridae]. Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences.Series Biological Sciences 1: 73-79.

Zdarkova, E. 1974. Food searching behaviour of some stored product mites. p. 245-247. In: Proc. 4th International. Congress Acarology

Achroia grisella

Abrol, D.P. and Kakroo, S.K. 1996. Studies on seasonal activity and control of wax moths (Galleria mellonella L. and Achroia grisella F.) attacking combs of four honeybee species. Mysore J. Agric. Sci., 30 (4): 365-373.

Hussanein, M., Ibrahim, M.M. El-Banby, M.A. and El-Arousy, A.F.M. 1970. Ecological and biological studies on the lesser wax moth, Achroia grisella Fab. (Lepidoptera: Galleridae). Bulletin de la Societe Entomologique d’Egypte 53: 573-576

Aeroglyphus robustus

Sinha, R.N. and Wallace, H.A.H. 1973. Population dynamics of stored-product mites. Oecologia 12: 315–327.

Sinha, Ranendra N. and Hitoshi Kawamoto. 1990. Dynamics and distribution patterns of acarine populations in stored-oat ecosystems. Res. Popul. Ecol. 32: 33-46.

White, Noël D. G., Digvir S. Jayas and Ranendra N. Sinha. 1994. Impact of pirimiphos-methyl and cold temperatures on arthropod populations in stored wheat. Phytoprotection 75(2): 79-90.

Ahasverus advena

Arthur, B. W. 1956. Insects in stored peanuts and their seasonal abundance. J. Econ. Entomol. 49:119-120.

Arthur, F.H., Hagstrum, D.W., Flinn, P.W., Reed, C.R. and Phillips, T.W. 2006 Insect populations in grain residues associated with commercial Kansas grain elevators. J. Stored Prod. Res. 42: 226–239.

Barnes, D. F. and G. H. Kaloostian. 1940. Flight habits and seasonal abundance of dried-fruit insects. J. Econ. Entomol. 33: 115-119.

Barrer, P. M. 1983. A field demonstration of odour-based, host-food finding behaviour in several species of stored grain insects. Journal of Stored Products Research 19(3): 105-110.

Cox, P. D., M. E. Wakefield and T. A. Jacob. 2007. The effects of temperature on flight initiation in a range of moths, beetles and parasitoids associated with stored products. J. Stored Prod. Res. 43: 111-117.

Dowdy, A., and W. McGaughey. 1994. Seasonal Activity of Stored-Product Insects in and Around Farm-Stored Wheat. J. Econ. Entomol. 87: 1351-1358.

Hagstrum, D. W. 1987. Seasonal variation of stored wheat environment and insect populations, Environ. Entomol. 16: 77-83.

Hagstrum, D. W. 2000. Using five sampling methods to measure insect distribution and abundance in bins storing wheat. J. Stored Prod. Res. 36: 253-262.

Hagstrum, D. W. 2001. Immigration of insects into bins storing newly harvested wheat on 12 Kansas farms. J. Stored Prod. Res. 37: 221-229.

Hagstrum, D. W., A. K. Dowdy and G. E. Lippert. 1994. Early detection of insects in stored wheat using sticky traps in bin headspace and prediction of infestation level. Environ. Entomol. 23: 1241-1244.

Hagstrum, D. W., Milliken, G. A. and Waddell, M. S. 1985. Insect distribution in bulk stored wheat in relation to detection or estimation of abundance. Environ. Entomol. 14: 655‑661.

Kucerova, Z., R. Aulicky, and V. Stejskal. 2005. Outdoor occurrence of stored-product pests (Coleoptera) in the vicinity of a grain store. Plant Prot. Sci. 41:86-89.

Moermans, R., H. Casteels, and P. Van Hecke. 1998. Evolution of cacao-pests over a six year period. Anzeiger für Schädlingskunde, Pflanzenschutz, Umweltschutz 71(8): 149-151.

Reed, C. R., Hagstrum, D. W., Flinn, P. W., and Allen, R. F. 2003. Wheat in bins and discharge spouts, and grain residues on floors of empty bins in concrete grain elevators as habitats for stored-grain beetles and their natural enemies. J. Econ. Entomol. 96: 996-1004.

Riley, J. 1963. The distribution of insects in a 1,000 ton stack of bagged cocoa beans after storage at Apapa for two months. Nigerian Stored Prod. Res. Inst. Tech. Rep. 1963. No.2: 34-40.

Sellner, M. J. 2013. Seasonal activity of insects trapped in stored wheat in Kansas and stored rice in Texas. Master of Science, Department of Entomology, Kansas State University

Sinha, R.N. 1974 Seasonal abundance of insects and mites in small farm granaries. Environ. Entomol. 3: 854–862.

Smith, K. G. 1963. Study of an insect population living on bagged groundnuts stored in southern Nigeria with particular reference to the behavior of Trogoderma granarium Everts (Col., Dermestidae). Journal of the West African Science Association 8: 44-57.

White, N. D. G., P. S. Barker and C. J. Demianyk. 1996. Beetles Associated with Stored Grain Captured in Flight by Suction Traps in Southern Manitoba. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Manitoba 51: 1-5.

Alliphis siculus

Alphitobius diaperinus

Chatterjee, N.B. and Gangopadhyay, A.K. 1988. Environmental cues in monthly egg laying and hatching of lesser mealworm Alphitobius diaperinus (Panzer) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). Proceedings of the Zoological Society 40: 13−18.

Dass, R., A.V. Navarajan Paul and R.A. Aragarwal. 1984. Feeding potential and biology of lesser mealworm, Alphitobius diaperinus (Panz) (Col., Tenebrionidae), preying on Corcyra cephalonica St. (Lep., Pyralidae). J. Appl. Entomol. 98: 444-447.

Falomo, A.A. 1986. The pheromone biology of the lesser mealworm, Alphitobius diaperinus (Panzer), (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). Ph.D. dissertation, .University of Wisconsin, Madison

Geden, C. J. and R. C. Axtell. 1987. Factors affecting climbing and tunneling behavior of the lesser mealworm (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). Journal of Economic Entomology 80: 1197-1204.

Guatam, R.D. 1989. Exploration of lesser meal worm for the control of storage insects together with its stages and effect on seed viability. Agricultural Situation in India 44: 487-489.

Salama, H. S. et al. 1973. Seasonal fluctuations in the population of insect fauna in flour mills. Zeitschrift fuer Angewandte Entomologie 74: 160-169.

Sarin, K. 1978. Population variation of Alphitobius diaperinus pest of stores wheat during a year. Indian Journal of Entomology 40(3): 358-359

Singh, Narinderpal. 2011. Chemical ecology, population dynamics and insecticide susceptibility of lesser mealworm. PhD. University of Arkansas

Vaughan, J., E. Turner, and P. Ruszler. 1984. Infestation and Damage of Poultry House Insulation by the Lesser Mealworm, Alphitobius diaperinus (Panzer) (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae). Poult. Sci. 63: 1094-1100.

Alphitobius laevigateus

Salama, H. S. E. A. 1973. Seasonal fluctuations in the population of insect fauna in flour mills. Zeitschrift fuer Angewandte Entomologie 74: 160-169.

Amyelois transitella

Burks, C.S. and D.G. Brandl. 2004. Seasonal Abundance of the Navel Orangeworm, Amyelois Transitella, in Figs and the Effect of Peripheral Aerosol Dispensers on Sexual Communication. Journal of Insect Science 4: 40-40.

Burks, Charles S., Bradley S. Higbee, David G. Brandl, and Bruce E. Mackey. 2008. Sampling and Pheromone Trapping for Comparison of Abundance of Amyelois transitella in Almonds and Pistachios. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 129 (1): 66-76.

Curtis, C. E., R. K. Curtis and K. L. Andrews. 1984. Progression of navel orangeworm (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) infestation and damage of almonds on the ground and on the tree during harvest. Environ. Entomol. 13: 146-149.

Kuenen, LPS and MM Barnes. 1981. Spatial and Temporal Development of Maturation of Nonpareil Almonds and Infestation by the Navel Orangeworm, Amyelois-Transitella (Walker) (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae). Environmental Entomology 10(5): 673-675.

Kuenen, L. P. S., and Barnes, M. M. 1981. Spatial and temporal development of maturation of nonpareil almonds and infestation by naval orangeworm, Amyelois transitella (Walker). Environ. Entomol. 10: 673-675.

Kuenen, L. P. S. and J. P. Siegel. 2010. Protracted Emergence of Overwintering Amyelois Transitella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) from Pistachios and Almonds in California. Environmental Entomology 39(4): 1059-1067.

Legner, E. F. 1983. Patterns of field diapause in the navel orangeworm (Lepidoptera: Phycitidae) and three imported parasites. Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. 76: 503-506.

Phelan, PL, CJ Roelofs, RR Youngman, and TC Baker. 1991. Characterization of Chemicals Mediating Ovipositional Host-Plant Finding by Amyelois transitella Females. Journal of Chemical Ecology 17(3): 599-613.

Sappington, Thomas W. and Charles S. Burks. 2014. Patterns of Flight Behavior and Capacity of Unmated Navel Orangeworm (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) Adults Related to Age, Gender,and Wing Size. Environmental Entomology 43: 696-705.

Zalom, F. G., J. H. Connell, and W. J. Bentley. 1998. Validation of phenology models for predicting development of the navel orangeworm Amyelois transitella (Walker) in California almond orchards. Acta Hortic. 470: 525-533.

Anatrachyntis rileyi

Ikenga, H., K. Yasuda, K. Hirano, H. Nakakita and N. Sota. 2000. Seasonal prevalence of pink scavenger caterpillar, Anatrachyntis rileyi (Walsingham) (Lepidoptera: Cosmopterigidae) in rice and feed mills. Japanese J. Appl. Entomol. 44: 229-234. (in Japanese, English summary, table and figure captions)

Androlaelaps casalis

Maurya, K.R., B. Dev and Z. Jamil, 1984. Population patterns of Androlaelaps casalis (Acarina Laelapinae) in stored grains from Lucknow (India). Biol. Mem. 9(2): 151-154.

Sinha, R.N. 1974 Seasonal abundance of insects and mites in small farm granaries. Environ. Entomol. 3: 854–862.

Sinha, R.N. and Wallace, H.A.H. 1973. Population dynamics of stored-product mites. Oecologia 12: 315–327.

Sinha, Ranendra N. and Hitoshi Kawamoto. 1990. Dynamics and distribution patterns of acarine populations in stored-oat ecosystems. Res. Popul. Ecol. 32: 33-46.

Anisopteromalus calandrae*

Ahmed, K. N. 1992. Ecology of Anisopteromalus Calandrae (Howard) (Hymennoptera: Pteromalidae), a Parasite of Stored Grain Pests. PhD Thesis, DhakaUniv.

Arthur, F.H., Hagstrum, D.W., Flinn, P.W., Reed, C.R. and Phillips, T.W. 2006. Insect populations in grain residues associated with commercial Kansas grain elevators. J. Stored Prod. Res. 42: 226–239.

Awadallah, K. T., M. F. S. Tawfik and M. M. H. Abdella. 1985. Population studies on flour insect pests and their associated natural enemies at four locations in Egypt. Bulletin de la Societe Entomologique Egypte 64: 95-109.

Franqui–Rivera, R. A. 1995. Behaviour, patterns of seasonal activity, and cold tolerance in Bracon hebetor Say (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Ph.D. Thesis, University of Wisconsin–Madison, .

Ghani, M. A. and H. L. Sweetman. 1955. Ecological Studies on the Granary Weevil Parasite, Aplastomorpha calandrae (Howard). Biologia 1(2): 115-139.

Hagstrum, D. W. 1987. Seasonal variation of stored wheat environment and insect populations, Environ. Entomol. 16: 77-83.

Johnson, J., K. Valero, M. Hannel, and R. Gill. 2000. Seasonal occurrence of postharvest dried fruit insects and their parasitoids in a culled fig warehouse. J. Econ. Entomol. 93:1380-1390.

Kazemi, F., A. A. Talebi, and Y. Fathipour. 2008. A study on the biological and behavioural parameters of Anisopteromalus calandrae (Hym.: Pteromalidae), a parasitoid of Callosobruchus maculatus (Col.: Bruchidae) on chickpea. Journal of Science and Technology of Agriculture and Natural Resources 12: 313-323.

Niedermayer, Steffi, Lars Krogmann, and Johannes L. M. Steidle. 2016. Lost in space? Host-finding ability of the parasitoids Lariophagus distinguendus and Anisopteromalus calandrae in empty grain storage facilities to control residual pest populations. BioControl 61:379-386.

Press, J.W. 1988. Movement of a weevil parasitoid, Anisopteromalus calandrae (Howard), within a column of wheat in relation to host location. J. Agric. Entomol. 5: 205–208.

Press, J. 1992. Comparative Penetration Efficacy in Wheat between the Weevil Parasitoids Anisopteromalus calandrae and Choetospila elegans (Hymenoptera, Pteromalidae). J. Entomol. Sci. 27: 154-157.

Reed, C. R., Hagstrum, D. W., Flinn, P. W. and Allen, R. F. 2003. Wheat in bins and discharge spouts, and grain residues on floors of empty bins in concrete grain elevators as habitats for stored-grain beetles and their natural enemies. J. Econ. Entomol. 96: 996-1004.

Sitthichaiyakul, S. and W. Amornsak. 2014. Host location and distribution of Anisopteromalus calandrae (Howard) (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae), a larval parasitoid of maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), pp. 143-148. In F. H. Arthur, R. Kengkanpanich, W. Chayaprasert and D. Suthisut (eds.), Proceedings of the 11th International Working Conference on Stored Product Protection, 24-28 November 2014, Chiang Mai, Thailand.

Anthrenus flavipes

Traynier, R., R. Schumacher and D. Lau. 1994. Oviposition Site Selection by Tineola bisselliella, Tinea spp (Lepidoptera, Tineidae) and Anthrenus flavipes (Coleoptera, Dermestidae). J. Stored Prod. Res. 30: 321-329.

Anthrenus fasciatus

Herfs, A. 1933. Untersuchungen zur Oekologia und Physiologie von Anthrenus fasciatus Herbst (Studies on the ecology and physiology of Anthrenus fasciatus Herbst) Int. Congr. Entomol. 1932 5:295-302.

Herfs, A. 1936. Oekologisch-Physiologische Studien an Anthrenus fasciatus Herbst (Ecologically-Physiological Studies on Anthrenus fasciatus Herbst) Zoologica, Stuttgart 34(40): 1-96.

Anthrenus fuscus

Whitehead, P. F. 2009. Anthrenus fuscus Olivier, 1789 (Col., Dermestidae) breeding inside a snail shell. Entomologist”s Monthly Magazine 145: 41.

Anthrenus sarnicus

Armes, N. J. 1988. The seasonal activity of Anthrenus sarnicus Mroczkowski (Coleoptera: Dermestidae) and some other beetle pests in the museum environment. Journal of stored products research 24(1): 29-37.

Anthrenus verbasci

Kiritani, K,. 1958. The ecologjcal study of Anthrenus verbasci L. Botyu-Kagaku 23: 92-98 (in Japanese with English summary).

Watson, E., G. Barson, D. Pinniger, G. Roberts and A. Ludlow. 1997. Evaluation of the behavioural responses of Anthrenus verbasci adults and larvae to permethrin (ec) using a computerized tracking system. J. Stored Prod. Res. 33: 335-346.

Apanteles diacrisiae*

Arthur, B. W. 1956. Insects in stored peanuts and their seasonal abundance. J. Econ. Entomol. 49:119-120.

Apomyelois ceratoniae

Braham, M. 2015. Insect larvae associated with dropped pomegranate fruits in an organic orchard in Tunisia. Journal of Entomology and Nematology 7: 5-10.

Dhouibi, Mohamed Habib. 1982. Etude bioècologique d’Ectomyelois ceratoniae Zeller (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) dans les zones présahariennes de la Tunisie’. (A bioecological study of Ectomyelois ceratoniae Zeller (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in the pre-Saharan regions of Tunisia) Thèse de docteur ingénieur. Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France.

Dhouibi, M. H. 1989. Biologie Et Ecologie d’Ectomyelois Ceratoniae Zeller (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) Dans Deux Biotopes Differents Au Sud De La Tunisie Et Recherche De Methodes Alternatives De Lutte. (Biology and Ecology Ectomyelois ceratoniae Zeller (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in Two Different Habitats in the South of Tunisia and Search for Alternative Methods of Struggle.). Ph.D. these, Etat P. & M. Curie, Paris.

Doumandji, S. 1981. Biologie et Ecologie de la Pyrale des Caroubes dans le Nord de L’Algerie, Ectomyelois ceratoniae ( Zeller), (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) (Biology and ecology of the carob beetle in northern Algeria, Ectomyelois ceratoniae (Zeller), (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)). PhD thesis, L’University Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France.

Gothilf, S. 1970. The biology of the carob moth Ectomyelois ceratoniae Zell. in Israel. part 3. Phenology on various hosts. Israel Journal of Entomology 5: 161-170.

Heydari, M., and H. Izadi. Effects of seasonal acclimation on cold tolerance and biochemical status of the carob moth, Ectomyelois ceratoniae Zeller, last instar larvae. Bulletin of entomological research 104, no. 05 (2014): 592-600.

Kishani-Farahani, H., S. H. Goldansaz, and Q. Sabahi. 2012. A survey on the overwintering larval parasitoids of Ectomyelois ceratoniae in three regions in Iran. Crop Protection 36:52-57.

Moawad, G. M. 1979. Ecological Studies on the Pomegranate Fruit Moth, Ectomyelois Ceratoniae (Zeller) (Lep., Pyralidae), in Saudi Arabia. Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 49 (9): 739-741.

Nay, J. E. 2006. Biology, ecology, and management of the carob moth, Ectomyelois ceratoniae (Zeller) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), a pest of dates, Phoenix dactylifera L., in southern California. Ph. D Dissertation, University of California, Riverside. 273 pp.

Ozturk, N., M. Olculu, and M. R. Ulusoy. 2011. The adult population dynamics of the Carob moth ( Ectomyelois ceratoniae Zell. (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in citrus orchards in Adana and Mersin provinces. Bitki Koruma Bulteni 51:347-350.

Öztürk, Naim, and M. Rifat Ulusoy. 2011. The adult population dynamics of the Carob moth [Ectomyelois ceratoniae Zell., 1839 (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)] in pomegranate orchards in the Eastern Mediterranean Region. Turkish Bulletin of Entomology 1(2): 79-89.

Zare, D., J. J. Sendi, A. J. Nodoushan, and R. Khosravi. Life table parameters and biological characteristics of Apomyelois ceratoniae Zeller (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) on three cultivars of pomegranate. Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection 46:766-773.

Arenipses sabella

Kehat, M., and S. Greenberg. 1969. The biology and phenology of Arenipses sabella Hmps. and Cadra figulilella (Gregson) (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae) on dates in Israel. Bulletin of Entomological Research 58(3): 411-420

Attagenus brunneus

Trematerra, Pasquale and Sciarretta, Andrea 2002. Phenology and spatial analysis of some Coleoptera infesting a feed-mill. p. 276–280. In: Credland, P.F., Armitage, D.M., Bell, C.H., Cogan, P.M., Highley, E. (Eds.), Advances in Stored Products Protection. Proceedings of the Eighth International Working Conference on Stored Product Protection, 22–26 July, York, UK. CABI International, Wallingford, Oxon.

Attagenus japonicus

Kim, Kyu Chin, Seon Gon Kim and Hyeon Soon Choi. 1988. An investigation of insect pest and maximum occurrence period of key pest insects on stored rice grains. Korean J. Appl. Entomol. 27: 117-124.

Attagenus pellio

Coombs, C. W. and J. A. Freeman. 1955. Insect fauna of an empty granary. Bull. Entomol. Res. 46: 399-417.

Attagenus unicolor

Imura, O. 1980. Stored-product insects in a barley mill. I. seasonal abundance of insects. Shokuhin Sogo Kenkyujo kenkyu hokoku Report of National Food Research Institute 98-108.

Imura, O. 1981. Stored-product insects in a barley mill. II. Fauna and seasonal changes of species diversity. Jap. J. Ecol. 31:139-146.

Balanogastris kolae (see Sophrorhinus gbanjaensis)

Daramola, A. M., and M. F. Ivbijaro. 1975. The ecology and distribution of kola weevils in Nigeria. Nigerian J. Plant Prot. 1:5-9.

Daramola, A. M. and T. A. Taylor. 1975. Studies on the reinfestation of kola in store by kola weevils in Southern Nigeria. J. Stored Prod. Res. 11: 61-63.

Ivbijaro, M. F., and A. M. Daramola. 1977. Flight activity of the adult kola weevil, Balanogastris kolae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in relation to infestation. Entomol. Exp. Appl. 22: 203-207.

Ndubuaku, T. C. N., E. U. Asogwa and A. T. Hassan. 2015. Distribution of kolanut weevil (Balanogatris kolae) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in Cola nitida stored in baskets. African Journal of Plant Science 9: 13-16.

Batrachedra amydraula

Blumberg, D. 1975. Preliminary notes on the phenology and biology of Batrachedra amydraula Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Cosmopterigidae), a new pest of date palms in Israel. Phytoparasitica 3: 55-57.

Kakar, M. K., S. M. Nizamani, M. A. Rustamani, and R. D. Khuhro. 2010. Periodical lesser date moth infestation on intact and dropped fruits. Sarhad Journal of Agriculture 26: 393-396.

Blattisocius keegani*

Athanassiou, C., N. Palyvos, P. Eliopoulos, and G. Papadoulis. 2001. Distribution and migration of insects and mites in flat storage containing wheat. Phytoparasitica 29:379-392.

Sinha, Ranendra N. and Hitoshi Kawamoto. 1990. Dynamics and distribution patterns of acarine populations in stored-oat ecosystems. Res. Popul. Ecol. 32: 33-46.

White, Noël DG, Digvir S. Jayas and Ranendra N. Sinha. 1994. Impact of pirimiphos-methyl and cold temperatures on arthropod populations in stored wheat. Phytoprotection 75(2): 79-90.

Blattisocius tarsalis*

Athanassiou, Christos G., Nickolas G. Kavallieratos, Andrea Sciarretta, Nickolas E. Palyvos, and Pasquale Trematerra. 2011. Spatial associations of insects and mites in stored wheat. Journal of economic entomology 104(5): 1752-1764.

Athanassiou, C., N. Palyvos, P. Eliopoulos, and G. Papadoulis. 2001. Distribution and migration of insects and mites in flat storage containing wheat. Phytoparasitica 29:379-392.

Hagstrum, D. W., and Sharp, J. E. 1975. Population studies on Cadra cautella in a citrus pulp warehouse with particular reference to diapause. J. Econ. Entomol. 68:11-14.

Bracon hebetor*

Arthur, B. W. 1956. Insects in stored peanuts and their seasonal abundance. J. Econ. Entomol. 49:119-120.

Athanassiou, C. G., and P. A. Eliopoulos. 2003. Seasonal abundance of insect pests and their parasitoids in stored currants. IOBC WPRS Bulletin 26(8): 283-292.

Athanassiou, C.G. and Saitanis, J. 2006. Spatiotemporal clustering and association of Ephestia kuehniella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) and two of its parasitoids in bulk-stored grain. J. Econ. Entomol. 99: 2191–2201. (Bracon hebetor, Venturia canescens)

Eliopoulos, P. A., and C. G. Athanassiou. 2004. Seasonal occurrence of dried fig pests and their parasitoids in a fig warehouse in Greece. IOBC/wprs Bulletin 27:159-171

Franqui–Rivera, R. A. 1995. Behaviour, patterns of seasonal activity, and cold tolerance in Bracon hebetor Say (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Ph.D. Thesis, University of Wisconsin–Madison.

Hameed, A. A., A. A. Al-Taweel, H. K. Al-Zubaidy, and A. M. Tark. 2011. Fields and warehouses survey for seasonal occurrence of date moth Ephestia Spp. and their parasitoid Bracon hebetor in some orchards and warehouses in Iraq. Iraqi J. Agric. Res. 16:96-108.

Johnson, J., K. Valero, M. Hannel, and R. Gill. 2000. Seasonal occurrence of postharvest dried fruit insects and their parasitoids in a culled fig warehouse. J. Econ. Entomol. 93:1380-1390.

Keever, D. W., Arbogast, R. T., and Mullen, M. A. 1985. Population trends and distributions of Bracon hebetor Say (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) and lepidopterous pests in commercially stored peanuts. Environ. Entomol. 14:722-725.

Parra, J. R., Vinson, S. B., Gomes, S. M., and Consoli, F. L. 1996. Flight response of Habrobracon hebetor (Say) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) in a wind tunnel to volatiles associated with infestations of Ephestia kuehniella Zeller (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). Biol. Control 6: 143-150.

Strand, M. R., H. J. Williams, S. B. Vinson, and A. Mudd. 1989. Arrestment and trail following response of Bracon hebetor (Say) to kairomones from Ephestia kuehniella Zeller. J. Chem. Ecol, 15:1491-1500.

Bruchidius incarnatus

El-Kifl, A. H. and M. M. Metwally. 1971. Biological and Ecological Studies on Bruchidius incarnatus Boh. Bulletin De La Societe Entomologique d’Egypte 55: 141-161.

Metwally, M. M. 1990. Bionomics of Bruchidius incarnatus Boh. in Egypt. Okayama, Japan, Kluwer Academic Publishers, September 6-9, 1989.

Bruchidius dorsalis

Kurota, H. and M. Shimada. 2002. Geographical Variation in the Seasonal Population Dynamics of Bruchidius dorsalis (Coleoptera: Bruchidae): Constraints of Temperature and Host Plant Phenology. Environmental Entomology 31(3): 469-475.

Bruchus rufimanus

DuPont, P., and J. Huignard. 1990. Relationships between Bruchus rufimanus Boh. (Coleoptera : Bruchidae) and the phenology of its host plant Vicia Faba (L.). Their importance in the spatial distribution of the insects. Symposia Biologica Hungarica (Symp. Biol. Hung.), Akademiai Kiado 39: 255-263.

Hamani-Aoudjit, S. 2014. Bioécologie et diapause reproductrice de la bruche de la fève Bruchus rufimanus dans deux parcelles de fève et fèverole dans la région de Haizer (Bouira). (Bioecology and breeding diapause of the bean bruche Bruchus rufimanus in two plots of beans and beans in the Haizer region (Bouira)). Master, Faculté des Sciences Biologiques et Sciences Agronomiques, Université de Tizi-Ouzou, TiziOuzou, Algeria.

Kamel, A. H. 1967. A study of the possibility of eradicating the broad bean weevil Bruchus rufimanus Boh. (Coleoptera, bruchidae) by fumigation of seeds. J. Stored Prod. Res. 3:365-369.

Medjdoub-Bensaad, F., M. A. Khelil, and J. Huignard. 2007. Bioecology of Broad Bean Bruchid Bruchus rufimanus Boh. (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) in a Region of Kabylia in Algeria. African Journal of Agricultural Research 2 (9): 412-417.

Medjdoub-Bensaad, F., N. Frah, M. A. Khelil, and J. Huignard. 2015. Dynamique des populations de la bruche de la fève, Bruchus rufimanus (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), durant la période d’activité reproductrice et de diapause. (Dynamics of populations of the weevil bean, Bruchus rufimanus (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) During the period of reproductive activity and diapause) Nature & Technologie 13: 12-21.

Samir, Mezani, Khelfane-Goucem Karima and Medjdoub-Bensaad Ferroudja. Effect of broad bean varieties and faba bean upon populations dynamic of Bruchus rufimanus (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Bruchinae) in Kabylia Region (Algeria). International Journal of Agricultural Science and Research (IJASR) 1(5): 79-88.

Titouhi, Faten, Moez Amri, and Jouda Mediouni Ben Jemâa. 2015. Status of coleopteran insects infesting faba bean in Tunisia with emphasis on population dynamics and damage of Bruchus rufimanus (Chrysomylidae). Basic Research Journal of Agricultural Science and Review 4(8): 225-233.

Tran, B., and J. Huignard. 1992. Interactions between photoperiod and food affect the termination of reproductive diapause in Bruchus rufimanus (Boh.), (Coleoptera, Bruchidae). J. Insect Physiol. 38:633-642.

Tran, B., J. Darquenne, and J. Huignard. 1993. Changes in responsiveness to factors inducing diapause termination in Bruchus rufimanus (Boh.) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae). J. Insect Physiol. 39:769-774.

Cadra calidella

Ahmad, T. R. and Ali, M. A. 1995. Forecasting emergence and flight of some Ephestia spp. (Lep., Pyralidae) based on pheromone trapping and degree-day accumulations. J. Appl. Entomol. 119: 611-614.

Sayed, A. A. 1995. Infestation levels of two species of Cadra in the field and storehouses, at Kharga Oasis, New Valley [Egypt]. Assiut Journal of Agricultural Sciences (Egypt) 26: 137-142

Cadra cautella

Amuh, I. K. A. and B. Amoako-Atta. 1973. On the ability of Ephestia cautella (Walker) to mate in confined spaces in stacks of cocoa. J. Stored Prod. Res. 9: 221-224.

Arbogast, R. T., and S. R. Chini. 2007. Abundance of Plodia interpunctella (Hubner) and Cadra cautella (Walker) infesting maize stored on South Carolina farms: Seasonal and non-seasonal variation. J. Stored Prod. Res. 41(5): 528-543.

Arbogast, Richard T.,Paul E. Kendra, Richard W. Mankin, Richard C. McDonald 2002. Insect infestation of a botanicals warehouse in north-central Florida. Journal of Stored Products Research 38: 349–363.

Athanassiou, C. G., and P. A. Eliopoulos. 2003. Seasonal abundance of insect pests and their parasitoids in stored currants. IOBC WPRS Bulletin 26(8): 283-292.

Bowditch, T. G., and Madden, J. L. 1996. Spatial and temporal distribution of Ephestia cautella (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in a confectionary factory: Causal factors and management implications. J. Stored Prod. Res. 32:123-130.

Buchelos, C.Th. and Levinson, A.R. 1985. Population dynamics of Ephestia cautella in tobacco stores with and without insecticidal treatments: a survey by pheromone and unbaited traps. Z. Angew. Entomol. 100: 68-78.

Cogburn, R. R. 1973. Stored-product insect populations in port warehouses of the Gulf coast, Environ. Entomol. 2: 401-407.

Cogburn, R. R. and Vick, K. W. 1981. Distribution of Angoumois grain moth, almond moth, and Indian meal moth in rice fields and rice storages in Texas as indicated by pheromone-baited adhesive traps, Environ. Entomol., 10: 1003-1007.

Graham, W. M. 1970. Warehouse Ecology Studies of Bagged Maize in Kenya. I. the Distribution of Adult Ephestia (Cadra) cautella (Walker) (Lepidoptera, Phycitidae). Journal of Stored Products Research 6 (2): 147-155.

Graham, W. M. 1970. Warehouse Ecology Studies of Bagged Maize in Kenya. II. Ecological Observations of an Infestation by Ephestia (Cadra) cautella (Walker) (Lepidoptera, Phycitidae). Journal of Stored Products Research 6 (2): 157-167.

Graham, W. M. 1970. Warehouse Ecology Studies of Bagged Maize in Kenya. III. Distribution of the Immature Stages of Ephestia (Cadra) cautella (Walker) (Lepidoptera, Phycitidae). Journal of Stored Products Research 6 (2): 169-175.

Graham, W. M. 1970. Warehouse Ecology Studies of Bagged Maize in Kenya. IV. Reinfestation Following Fumigation with Methyl Bromide Gas. Journal of Stored Products Research 6 (2): 177-180.

Hagstrum, D.W., Davis, L.R., Jr., 1980. Mate seeking behavior of Ephestia cautella. Environmental Entomology 9: 589-592.

Hagstrum, D. W. and Davis, L. R. Jr. 1982. Mate‑seeking behavior and reduced mating by Ephestia cautella (Walker) in a sex pheromone‑permeated atmosphere. J. Chem. Ecol. 8: 507‑515.

Hagstrum, D. W., and Sharp, J. E. 1975. Population studies on Cadra cautella in a citrus pulp warehouse with particular reference to diapause. J. Econ. Entomol. 68:11-14.

Hagstrum, DW, JM Stanley, and KW Turner. 1977. Flight Activity of Ephestia cautella as Influenced by Intensity of Uv or Green Radiation. Journal of the Georgia Entomological Society 12 (3): 231-236.

Hagstrum, D. W., and Stanley, J. M. 1979. Release-recapture estimates of the population density of Ephestia cautella (Walker) in a commercial peanut warehouse. J. Stored Prod. Res. 15:117-122

Hagstrum, D. W., and Smittle, B. J. 1980. Age- and sex-specific tunneling rates of adult Tribolium castaneum. Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. 73:11-13.

Hagstrum, D. W. 1984. Growth of Ephestia cautella (Walker) population under conditions found in an empty peanut warehouse and response to variations in the distribution of larval food. Environ. Entomol. 13:171-174.

Justus, KA, SW Schofield, J. Murlis, and RT Carde. 2002. Flight Behaviour of Cadra cautella Males in Rapidly Pulsed Pheromone Plumes. Physiological Entomology 27 (1): 58-66.

Justus, KA and RT Carde. 2002. Flight Behaviour of Males of Two Moths, Cadra cautella and Pectinophora gossypiella, in Homogeneous Clouds of Pheromone. Physiological Entomology 27 (1): 67-75.

Kamel, A. H., M. R. A. Seleh, and A. Badawi. 1976. The biology of Cadra cautella (Walker), a pest of date fruits in the New Valley (Egypt) (Lepidoptera-Pyralidae). Agricultural Research Review 54: 127-131.

Levinson, HZ and T. Hoppe. 1983. Preferential Flight of Plodia interpunctella and Cadra cautella (Phycitinae) Toward Figures of Definite Shape and Position with Notes on the Interaction between Optical and Pheromone Stimuli. Zeitschrift Fur Angewandte Entomologie-Journal of Applied Entomology 96 (5): 491-500.

Madrid, F. J., and Sinha, R. N. 1983. Movement and oviposition of Ephestia cautella (Walker) and Plodia interpunctella (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) of different ages in response to seasonal light changes. Can. J. Zool. 61:1726-1732.

Mafraneto, A. and RT Carde. 1995. Effect of the Fine-Scale Structure of Pheromone Plumes – Pulse Frequency Modulates Activation and Upwind Flight of Almond Moth Males. Physiological Entomology 20 (3): 229-242.

Mafraneto, A. and RT Carde. 1995. Influence of Plume Structure and Pheromone Concentration on Upwind Flight of Cadra cautella Males. Physiological Entomology 20 (2): 117-133.

Mankin, R. W., and Hagstrum, D. W. 1995. Three-dimensional orientation of male Cadra cautella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) flying to calling females in a windless environment. Environ. Entomol. 24:1616-1626.

Mankin, Richard W., David W. Hagstrum, Christian Nansen and William G. Meikle. 2014. Almond moth oviposition patterns in continuous layers of peanuts. Journal of Stored Products Research 59: 48-54.

Moermans, R., H. Casteels and P. Van Hecke. 1998. Evolution of cacao-pests over a six year period. Anzeiger für Schädlingskunde, Pflanzenschutz, Umweltschutz 71(8): 149-151.

Muralitharan, V., T. Sonai Rajan, S. Chandrasekaran and S. Mohankumar. 2016. Studies on Spatial Flight Pattern and Movement of Three Stored Grain Insect Pests in Storage Godown. Madras Agricultural Journal 103(4-6): 154-158.

Olsson, PO, O. Anderbrant, and C. Lofstedt. 2005. Flight and Oviposition Behavior of Ephestia cautella and Plodia interpunctella in Response to Odors of Different Chocolate Products. Journal of Insect Behavior 18 (3): 363-380.

Prevett, P. F. 1964. Distribution of insects in stacks of bagged groundnuts in northern Nigeria. Bull. Entomol. Res. 54: 689-713.

Riley, J. 1965. Data obtained from two suction traps used to catch flying insects in a groundnut transit shed at Apapa. Technical Rep. Nigerian Stored Prod. Res. Inst. 1964 No. 5: 35-42.

Riley, J. 1967. A record of suction trap catches during 24 hours in a groundnut warehouse at Apapa with reference to the flight activity of the moths Cadra cautella (Wlk.) and Corcyra cephalonica (St.). Rep. Niger. Stored Prod. Res. Inst. 1966: 33-34.

Sayed, A. A. 1995. Infestation levels of two species of Cadra in the field and storehouses, at Kharga Oasis, New Valley [Egypt]. Assiut Journal of Agricultural Sciences (Egypt) 26: 137-142.

Singh, K. 1977. Seasonal variations in the population of insect pests of stored products in west Bengal. Indian J. Ecol. 4: 212-217.

Soderstrom, E. L., R. T. Hinsch, A. J. Bongers, D. G. Brandl and H. Hoogendorn. 1987. Detecting adult Phycitinae (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) infestations in a raisin-marketing channel. J. Econ. Entomol. 80: 1229-1232

Steele, R. W. 1970. Copulation and oviposition behavior of Ephestia cautella (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Phycitidae), J. Stored Prod. Res. 6: 229-245.

Takahashi, F. 1955. On the relation between the population density of the almond moth, Ephestia cautella, and the emigration of its larvae. Jap J. Ecol. 5: 82-87.

Takahashi, F. 1961. The effect of population density on the power of the reproduction of the almond moth, Ephestia cautella. VIII.- The movement of the larvae within a container. Jap. J. Ecol. 11: 186-191.

Throne, J. E., Hagstrum, D. W., and Nawrot, J. 1998. Computer model for simulating almond moth (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) population dynamics. Environ. Entomol. 27:344-354.

Tuli, S. et al. 1963. Ecological Studies on Cadra (Ephestia) cautella (Walker). Indian Journal of Entomology 25(4): 379-380.

Tzvetkow, D. and M. Latif. 1987. Bioecological Studies of Ephestia (Cadra) cautella Wlk.: Lepidoptera: Pyralidae. Soil Sci. Agrochem. Plant Prot. 22: 102-107.

Yao, M. C., K. H. Lu, Y. T. Wang and C. Y. Lee. 2007. Population fluctuations of insect pests of garlic bulbs (Allium sativum L.) in storehouses monitord with light traps and yellow sticky cards. Plant Prot. Bull. 49:171-185.

Cadra figulilella

Assari, Mohammad Javad, and Simin Khajepour. 2013. Population fluctuation of Ephestia figulilella in Kerman province of Iran. Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection 46(7): 862-867

Barnes, D. F., C. K. Fisher, and G. H. Kaloostian. 1939. Flight habits of the raisin moth and other insects as indicated by the use of a rotary net. J. Econ. Entomol. 32:859-863.

Barnes, D. F. and G. H. Kaloostian. 1940. Flight habits and seasonal abundance of dried-fruit insects. J. Econ. Entomol. 33: 115-119.

Donohoe, Heber C. and Dwight F. Barnes. 1934. Notes on field trapping of Lepidoptera attacking dried fruits. J. Econ. Entomol. 28: 1067-1072.

Donohoe, H. C., P. Simmons, D. F. Barnes, and C. K. Fisher. 1937. About the importance of mulberry trees for the fight the fig moth, Ephestia ligulilella Greg. Bull. Department Agric. State California, Sacramento California 26(3): 339-340.

Simmons, P., and H. C. Donohoe. 1938. Changes in the insect population of stored raisins. USDA Bur. Entomol. and Plant Quarantine E-437

Callosobruchus chinensis

Babu, A., A. Hern, and S. Dorn. 2003. Sources of semiochemicals mediating host finding in Callosobruchus chinensis (Coleoptera : Bruchidae). Bull. Entomol. Res. 93: 187-192.

Bellows, T. S., Jr. 1982. Simulation models for laboratory population of Callosobruchus chinensis and C. maculatus. J. Anim. Ecol. 51:597-623.

Chakraborty, S. and P. Mondal. 2017. Variations in Biological Parameters in Laboratory Condition of Callosobruchus chinensis Linn. Throughout the Years in Tarai Region, West Bengal in Green Gram (Vigna Radiata Linn.). PARIPEX-Indian Journal of Research 5(9): 544-546.

Choudhuri, D. K., and A. Paul. 1985. Mating behavior and seasonal variation on the developmental period of Callosobruchus chinensis a serious pest of stored pulses. Indian Biol. 17: 20-23.

Gundurao, H. R. and S. K. Majumder. 1964. Intergranular space as a limiting factor for the growth of pulse beetles. J. Econ. Entomol., 57(6): 1013-1014

Khandwe, N., J. P. Gujrati and R. Khandwe. 1997. Initial source of infestation of pulse beetle, Callosobruchus chinensis (L.) on lentil and its effect on stored seed. Lens Newsletter 24: 46-48.

Mphuru, A. N. 1981. Comparative Biological and Ecological Studies of Callosobruchus chinensis (L). Ph.D.Thesis, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.

Nahdy, MS, SN Silim and RH Ellis. 1999. Effect of Field Infestations of Immature Pigeonpea (Cajanus Cajan (L.) Millsp.) Pods on Production of Active (Flight) and Sedentary (Flightless) Morphs of Callosobruchus chinensis (L.). Journal of Stored Products Research 35 (4): 339-354.

Parajulee, M., F. Neupane, and R. Thapa. 1989. Life and seasonal histories, host preference and control of the pulse beetle, Callosobruchus chinensis (L.) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae). Journal of the Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science.No.10 1-6.

Shinoda, K., and Yoshida, T. 1984. Relationship between adult feeding and emigration from beans of Azuki bean weevil, Callosobruchus chinensis Linne (Coleoptera: Bruchidae), Appl. Entomol. Zool. 19: 202-211.

Shinoda, W. K., and Yoshida, T. 1985. Field biology of the azuki bean weevil, Callosobruchus chinensis (L.) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae). I. Seasonal prevalence and assessment of field infestation of aki-azuki, autumn variety of Phaseolus angularis, Japanese J. Appl. Entomol. Zool. 29: 14-20.

Shinoda, K. and T. Yoshida. 1990. Life History of the Azuki Bean Weevil, Callosobruchus chinensis (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) in the Field. Okayama, Japan, Kluwer Academic Publishers, September 6-9, 1989.

Shinoda, K., Yoshida, T., and Okamoto, T. 1991. Two wild leguminous host plants of the azuki bean weevil, Callosobruchus chinensis (L.) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae). Appl. Entomol. Zool. 26: 91-98.

Shinoda, K., T. Yoshida, and H. IgarashI. 1992. Population Ecology of the Azuki-Bean Beetle, Callosobruchus chinensis (L), (Coleoptera, Bruchidae) on 2 Wild Leguminous Hosts, Vigna angularis Var Nipponensis and Dunbaria villosa. Applied Entomology and Zoology 27(3): 311-318.

Take, T., H. Tsumuki, K. Shinoda, and T. Yoshida. 1994. Effect of cold-acclimation on cold resistance of azuki-bean beetle Callosobruchus chinensis L. Japanese Journal of Applied Entomology and Zoology 38:177-182.

Tuda, M., N. Wasano, N. Kondo, S. B. Horng, L. Y. Chou, and Y. Tateishi. 2004. Habitat-related mtDNA polymorphism in the stored-bean pest Callosbruchus chinensis (Coleoptera: Bruchidae). Bulletin of Entomological Research 94:75-80.

Watanabe, N. 1984. Comparative Studies on Ecology of the Adzuki Bean Weevil, Callosobruchus chinensis (L) and the Cowpea Weevil, Callosobruchus maculatus (F) (Coleoptera, Bruchidae) .1. Effect of Seed Size on Creeping of Females into the Pile. Japanese Journal of Applied Entomology and Zoology 28 (4): 223-228.

Watanabe, N. 1985. Comparative Studies on Ecology of the Azuki Bean Weevil, Callosobruchus chinensis (L) and the Cowpea Weevil, C maculatus (F) (Coleoptera, Bruchidae) .2. Relation between Female Body Size and Degree of Creeping into the Stored Pile of Seeds. Japanese Journal of Applied Entomology and Zoology 29 (2): 107-112.

Watanabe, N. 1986. Comparative-Studies on Ecology of the Azuki-Bean Weevil, Callosobruchus chinensis (L) and the Cowpea Weevil, Callosobrucaus maculatus (F) (Coleoptera, Bruchidae) .4. Effect of Adult Body Size on Easiness of Escaping from the Bottom of Piled Seeds. Japanese Journal of Applied Entomology and Zoology 30 (1): 64-66.

Callosobruchus maculatus

Bellows, T. S., Jr. 1982. Simulation models for laboratory population of Callosobruchus chinensis and C. maculatus. J. Anim. Ecol. 51:597-623.

Bhaduri, N., S. Ram and B.D. Patil, 1986. Stable age distribution under optimum conditions in Callosobruchus maculatus (Fabricius) infesting cowpea seed. Journal of Entomological Research 10(2): 192-198.

Chen, L. S. 1973. The Occurrence of Bruchids in Imported Beans and an Ecological Study of Callosobruchus maculatus Fab. Plant Prot Bull, Taiwan 15: 53-60.

Gokhale, V. G. and K. Shrivastava. 1975. Ovipositional behaviour of Callosobruchus maculatus (Fab.) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae): Distribution of eggs and relative ovipositional preference on several leguminous seeds. Indian J. Entomol. 37: 122-128.

Guedes, Raul N. C., Nelsa M. P. Guedes, and Robert H. Smith. 2007. Larval Competition within Seeds: From the Behaviour Process to the Ecological Outcome in the Seed Beetle Callosobruchus maculatus. Austral Ecology 32(6): 697-707.

Hagstrum, D. W. 1985. Preharvest infestation of cowpeas by the cowpea weevil, Callosobruchus maculatus (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) and population trends during storage in Florida. J. Econ. Entomol. 78:358-361.

Kuenen, LPS and HC Rowe. 2006. Cowpea Weevil Flights to a Point Source of Female Sex Pheromone: Analyses of Flight Tracks at Three Wind Speeds. Physiological Entomology 31 (2): 103-109.

Larson, A. O. 1924. The effect of weevily seed beans upon the bean crop and upon the dissemination of weevils, Bruchus obtectus Say and B. quadrimaculatus Fab. J. Econ. Entomol. 17:538-548.

Larson, A. O., and Fisher, C. K. 1924. The possibilities of weevil development in neglected seeds in warehouses. J. Econ. Entomol. 17:632-637.

Lextrait, P., J. C. Biemont, and J. Pouzat. 1994. Comparison of walking locomotory reactions of 2 forms of Callosobruchus maculatus males subjected to female sex-pheromone stimulation (Coleoptera, Bruchidae). Journal of Chemical Ecology 20:2917-2930.

Maina, Y. T. and N. E. S. Lale. 2006. Effect of seasonal variation in temperature and humidity on the development of Callosobruchus maculatus and the efficacy of neem seed oil applied for its management in the Nigerian Sudan savanna. Tropical Science 46: 50-54.

Messina, F., and J. Renwick. 1985. Dispersal Polymorphism of Callosobruchus-maculatus (Coleoptera, Bruchidae) – Variation among Populations in Response to Crowding. Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. 78: 201-206.

Messina, F. J. 1989. Genetic-basis of variable oviposition behavior in Callosobruchus maculatus (Coleoptera, Bruchidae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America 82:792-796.

Ndong, Assane, Kh Kébé, Ch Thiaw, T. Diome, and M. Sembène. 2012. Genetic Distribution of the Cowpea (Vigna Unguiculata (L.) Walp) Bruchid (Callosobruchus maculatus F., Coleoptera, Bruchidae) Populations in Different Agro-Ecological Areas of West Africa . Journal of Animal Sicence Advances 2 (7): 616-630.

Ouedraogo, A. P. and J. Huignard. 1981. Polymorphism and Ecological Reactions in Callosobruchus maculatus in Upper Volta. Series Entomologica 19: 175-184.

Paukku, S. and J. S. Kotiaho. 2005. Cost of reproduction in Callosobruchus maculatus: Effects of mating on male longevity and the effect of male mating status on female longevity. Journal of Insect Physiology 51:1220-1226.

Sagnia, S. B. 1994. Mortality factors affecting Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) under field conditions in Niger. J. Stored Prod. Res. 30:71-74.

Stolk, C., Stein, A., Slumpa, S. B., Tiase, S. K. ans Van Huis, A. 2001. Exploring the foraging environment of a natural enemy of Callosobruchus maculatus: spatial egg distribution in stored cowpea.- Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, 101: 167-181.

Strevens, Chloe and Michael B. Bonsall. 2010. Regional and Local Scale Metapopulation Dynamics in the Interaction between Callosobruchus maculatus and Anisopteromalus calandrae. Oikos 119(11): 1735-1744.

Tatar, M. and J. R. Carey. 1994. Genetics of mortality in the bean beetle Callosobruchus maculatus. Evolution 48: 1371-1376.

Taylor, T. A. 1970. On the incidence of the ‘active’ form of Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) on mature cowpea in the field, Niger. Entomol. Mag. 2: 66-69.

Taylor, T. A., and Agbaje, L. A. 1974. Flight activity in normal and active forms of Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) in a store in Nigeria. J. Stored Prod. Res. 10:9-16.

Taylor, T. A. and Aludo, J. I. S. 1974. A further note on the incidence of ‘active’ females of Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) on mature cowpea in the field in Nigeria, J. Stored Prod. Res. 10: 123-125.

Utida, S. 1956. Phase dimorphism observed in the laboratory population of cowpea weevil, Callosobruchus quadrimaculatus. II. Differential effects of temperature, humidity and population density upon some ecological characters of the two phases (In Japanese with English summary). Researches on Population Ecology, Kyoto 3:93-104.

Utida, S. 1969. Photoperiod as a Factor Inducing the Flight Form in the Population of the Southern Cowpea Weevil, Callosobruchus maculatus. Applied Entomology and Zoology Nihon Oyo Dobutsu Konchu Gakkai 13 (3): 129-134.

Utida, S. 1970. Secular Change of Percent Emergence of the Flight Form in the Population of Southern Cowpea Weevil, Callosobruchus maculatus. Applied Entomology and Zoology Nihon Oyo Dobutsu Konchu Gakkai 14: 71-78.

Zannou, ET, IA Glitho, J. Huignard, and JP Monge. 2003. Life History of Flight Morph Females of Callosobruchus maculatus F.: Evidence of a Reproductive Diapause. Journal of Insect Physiology 49 (6): 575-582.

Callosobruchus theobromae

Thakur, D. R. and H. S. Banyal. 2004. Life history of Callosobruchus theobromae (L.) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) on Dolichos lablab (L.) in the field. Polish J. Entomol. 73: 161-170

Carpoglyphus lactis

Zyromska-Rudzka, A. 1964. Abundance dynamics and age structure of populations of Carpoglyphus lactis in closed cultures. Ekologia Polska, Ser. A, 12: 355–367. (gooseberry jam)

Carpophilus davidsoni

James, D., R. Faulder, and R. Bartelt. 1995. Fauna and Seasonal Abundance of Carpophilus Spp (Coleoptera, Nitidulidae) in 4 Stone Fruit Growing Regions of Southeastern Australia as Determined by Pheromone-Trapping. J. Aust. Entomol. Soc. 34:327-333.

Carpophilus dimidiatus

Arthur, B. W. 1956. Insects in stored peanuts and their seasonal abundance. J. Econ. Entomol. 49:119-120.

Athanassiou, C. G., and P. A. Eliopoulos. 2003. Seasonal abundance of insect pests and their parasitoids in stored currants. IOBC WPRS Bulletin 26(8): 283-292.

Barrer, P. M. 1983. A field demonstration of odour-based, host-food finding behaviour in several species of stored grain insects. Journal of Stored Products Research 19(3): 105-110.

Kehat, M., S. Stoller, J. Meisner and Greenberg, S. 1966. Development of Population and Control of Carpophilus dimidiatus F., C. hemipterus L. and Coccotrypes dactyliperda F, in Dates. Israel Journal of Agricultural Research 16: 173-176.

Carpophilus freemani

Rodriguez-del-Bosque, L. A., Leos-Martinez, J., and Dowd, P. F. 1998. Effect of ear wounding and cultural practices on abundance of Carpophilus freemani (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae) and other microcoleopterans in maize in northeastern Mexico. J. Econ. Entomol. 91:796-801.

Carpophilus hemipterus

Athanassiou, C. G., and P. A. Eliopoulos. 2003. Seasonal abundance of insect pests and their parasitoids in stored currants. IOBC WPRS Bulletin 26(8): 283-292.

Barnes, D. F. and G. H. Kaloostian. 1940. Flight habits and seasonal abundance of dried-fruit insects. J. Econ. Entomol. 33: 115-119.

Blackmer, J. L. and P. L. Phelan. 1991. Behaviour of Carpophilus hemipterus in a vertical flight chamber: transition from phototactic to vegetative orientation. Entomol. Exp. Appl. 58: 137-148.

Blackmer, JL and PL Phelan. 1991. Behavior of Carpophilus hemipterus in a Vertical Flight Chamber – Transition from Phototactic to Vegetative Orientation. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 58 (2): 137-148.

Eliopoulos, P. A., and C. G. Athanassiou. 2004. Seasonal occurrence of dried fig pests and their parasitoids in a fig warehouse in Greece. IOBC/wprs Bulletin 27:159-171

Hossain, M. S., and D. G. Williams. Phenology of carpophilus beetle populations (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae, Carpophilus spp.) in a fruit dump in northern Victoria. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 43, no. 10 (2003): 1275-1279.

Whitehead, P. F. 2004. Carpophilus hemipterus L, 1758 Col, Nitidulidae outdoors in Worcestershire. Entomol. Mon. Mag. 140:262.

Zaazou, H., A. El-Deeb, S. M. Hammad, and E. El-Kady. 1960. The dried-fruit beetle: Carpophilus hemipterus (Col.: Nitidulidae) and its occurrence in Egyptian onions from March, 1953-April, 1954. Alex. Journ. Agric. Res. 8:105-124.

Carpophilus humeralis

Hossain, M. S. and D. G. Williams. 2003. Phenology of carpophilus beetle populations (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae, Carpophilus spp.) in a fruit dump in northern Victoria. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 43(10): 1275-1279.

Kehat, M., D. Blumberg and R. N. Williams. 1983. Seasonal Abundance of Sap Beetles (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae) in Date Plantation in Israel. Phytoparasitica 11 (2): 109-112.

Carpophilus lugubris

Blackmer, J. L. and P. L. Phelan. 1995. Ecological analysis of Nitidulidae: seasonal occurrence, host choise and habitat preference. J. Appl. Entomol. 119: 321-329.

Carpophilus mutilatus

Kehat, M., D. Blumberg and R. N. Williams. 1983. Seasonal Abundance of Sap Beetles (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae) in Date Plantation in Israel. Phytoparasitica 11(2): 109-112.

Carpophilus obsoletus

Moermans, R., H. Casteels and P. Van Hecke. 1998. Evolution of cacao-pests over a six year period. Anzeiger für Schädlingskunde, Pflanzenschutz, Umweltschutz 71(8): 149-151.

Yao, M. C., K. H. Lu, Y. T. Wang, and C. Y. Lee. 2007. Population fluctuations of insect pests of garlic bulbs (Allium sativum L.) in storehouses monitord with light traps and yellow sticky cards. Plant Prot. Bull. 49:171-185.

Carpophilus pilosellus

Cogburn, R. R. 1973. Stored-product insect populations in port warehouses of the Gulf coast, Environ. Entomol. 2: 401-407.

Cartodere constricta

Caryedon serratus

Amaro, J. F., H. Ferrinho, and J. P. Cancela da Fonseca. 1958. Contribuicao Para Estudo Da Dinamica Das Popula Es De Caryedon gonagra (F.) (Contribution to the Study of the Population Dynamics of Caryedon gonagra). Garcia De Orta 6: 637-647

Diome, T., A. Ndong, K. Kébé, C. Thiaw, A. Ndiaye, A. Doumma, …, and M. Sembène. 2013. Effect of Agro-Ecological Zones and Contiguous Basin Crops of Groundnut (Arachis Hypogaea) on the Structuring and Genetic Diversity of Caryedon serratus (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae, Bruchinae) in the Sub-Region of West Africa. Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology 16 (3): 209-217.

Caryedon serratus Green, A. A. 1959. The control of insects infesting grounuts after harvest in the Gambia. I. A study of the groundnut borer Caryedon gonagra (F) under field conditions. Tropical Science I (3):200–205

Ouedraogo, I. 2011. Biologie et ecologie de Caryedon serratus olivier (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) dans un ecosysteme arachidier de l’ouest du Burkina Faso. (Biology and ecology of Caryedon serratus olivier (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in a peanut ecosystem of western Burkina Faso) These de Doctorat. Univ de Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, 120 p.

Riley, J. 1965. Data obtained from two suction traps used to catch flying insects in a groundnut transit shed at Apapa. Technical Rep. Nigerian Stored Prod. Res. Inst. 1964 No. 5: 35-42.

Sembène, M., J. Y. Rasplus, J. F. Silvain and A. Delobel. 2008. Genetic Differentiation in Sympatric Populations of the Groundnut Seed Beetle Caryedon serratus (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae): New Insights from Molecular and Ecological Data. International Journal of Tropical Insect Science 28 (3): 168-177.

Cathartus quadricollis*

Sim, Sheina B., Nicole M. Yoneishi, Eva Brill, Scott M. Geib, and Peter A. Follett. 2015. Molecular markers detect cryptic predation on coffee berry borer (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) by silvanid and laemophloeid flat bark beetles (Coleoptera: Silvanidae, Laemophloeidae) in coffee beans. Journal of economic entomology 109(1), 2016, 100–105

Cephalonomia tarsalis*

Arthur, B. W. 1956. Insects in stored peanuts and their seasonal abundance. J. Econ. Entomol. 49:119-120.

Collatz, Jana and Johannes LM Steidle. 2008. Hunting for moving hosts: Cephalonomia tarsalis, a parasitoid of free-living grain beetles. Basic and Applied Ecology 9(4): 452-457.

Eliopoulos, P. A., and C. G. Athanassiou. 2004. Seasonal occurrence of dried fig pests and their parasitoids in a fig warehouse in Greece. IOBC/wprs Bulletin 27:159-171

Eliopoulos, Panagliotis A., Apostolos Kapranas, E. G. Givropoulou, and Ian CW Hardy. 2016. Reproductive efficiency of the bethylid wasp Cephalonomia tarsalis: the influences of spatial structure and host density. Bulletin of Entomological Research 1-9.

Simmons, P., and H. C. Donohoe. 1938. Changes in the insect population of stored raisins. USDA Bur. Entomol. and Plant Quarantine E-437

Cephalonomia waterstoni*

Flinn, P. W., and Hagstrum, D. W. 1995. Simulation model of Cephalonomia waterstoni (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) parasitizing the rusty grain beetle (Coleoptera: Cucujidae). Environ. Entomol. 24:1608-1615.

Gates, Michael William. 1992. Population Dynamics of Lesser Grain Borer, Rusty Grain Beetle, and Cephalonomia waterstoni in Commercial Elevators. Master of Science thesis, Oklahoma State University.

Howard, R., and P. Flinn. 1990. Larval Trails of Cryptolestes ferrugineus (Coleoptera, Cucujidae) as Kairomonal Host-Finding Cues for the Parasitoid Cephalonomia waterstoni (Hymenoptera, Bethylidae). Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. 83: 239-245.

Cerchysiella utilis*

Johnson, J., K. Valero, M. Hannel, and R. Gill. 2000. Seasonal occurrence of postharvest dried fruit insects and their parasitoids in a culled fig warehouse. J. Econ. Entomol. 93:1380-1390.

Cheletomorpha lepidopterorum*

Sinha, R. N. 1968. Seasonal changes in mite populations in rural granaries in Japan. Ann. Entomol. Soc. Amer. 61: 938-949.

Cheyletus aversor*

Cheyletus eruditus*

Cusack, P.D. and Brennan, P.A. 1975. Rate of colonization of clean wheat and oatmeal by mites in infested areas of a flour mill. Sci. Proc. R. Dublin Soc. Ser. B 3:341–353.

Liscombe, E. A. and F. L. Watters. 1962. Insect and mite infestations in empty granaries in the prairie provinces. Can. Entomol. 94: 433-441.

Sinha, R. N. 1968. Seasonal changes in mite populations in rural granaries in Japan. Ann. Entomol. Soc. Amer. 61: 938-949.

Sinha, Ranendra N. and Hitoshi Kawamoto. 1990. Dynamics and distribution patterns of acarine populations in stored-oat ecosystems. Res. Popul. Ecol. 32: 33-46.

Sinha, R.N. and Wallace, H.A.H. 1973. Population dynamics of stored-product mites. Oecologia 12: 315–327.

White, Noël DG, Digvir S. Jayas and Ranendra N. Sinha. 1994. Impact of pirimiphos-methyl and cold temperatures on arthropod populations in stored wheat. Phytoprotection 75(2): 79-90.

Cheyletus malaccensis*

Cheyletus trouessarti*

Cusack, P.D. and Brennan, P.A. 1975. Rate of colonization of clean wheat and oatmeal by mites in infested areas of a flour mill. Sci. Proc. R. Dublin Soc. Ser. B 3:341–353.

Chortoglyphus arcuatus

Corcyra cephalonica

Aviles Pacheco, Rubén and Guibert, G. 1986. Los residuos de cosechas como fuente de infestacion del arroz almacenado. (Crop residues as a source of stored rice infestation) Ciencias de la Agricultura/ Agriculture Sciences 28: 13-18.

Chakravorty, S., and H. C. Das. 1985. Bioclimatology of the larva of the rice moth, Corcyra cephalonica Stainton on the wheat powder in grocer’s shops in Hooghly district of West Bengal Bulletin of Entomology 26: 14-16.

Chakravorty, S. and H. Das. 1980. Note on the effect of gravitational factors on migration of the last-instar larvae of Corcyra cephalonica Stainton (Lepidoptera, Galleriidae). Indian J. Agric. Sci. 50: 725-727.

Chakrvorthy, S., Das H. Chandra and Das N. Ranjan, 1983. Seasonal changes in densities of some insect pests in a population on stored grains. Environment and Ecology 1(1): 11-14.

Prevett, P. F. 1964. Distribution of insects in stacks of bagged groundnuts in northern Nigeria. Bull. Entomol. Res. 54: 689-713.

Hosny, M. M., Hassanein, M. H. and Kamel, A. H. 1968. Ecological studies on Anagasta kuehniella and Corcyra cephalonica infesting flour mills in Cairo. Bull. Soc. Entomol. Egypte 52: 445-456.

Shazali, M. E. H. 1986. The potential rate of increase of Corcyra cephalonica (Staint.) on Sorghum. International Journal of Tropical Insect Science 7(5): 589-591

Singh, K. 1977. Seasonal variations in the population of insect pests of stored products in west Bengal. Indian J. Ecol. 4: 212-217.

Teotia, T. P. S. and Y. Singh. 1977. Studies on the growth of population of Corcyra cephalonica Stainton (Rice Moth). Indian J. Entomol. 37: 277-285.

Vijayalakshmi, S. and P. Ramaraj. 1991. Effect of a Juvenile Hormone Analogue, Hydroprene on the Hatchability, Population Dynamics and Organic Constituents of Corcyra cephalonica Stainton (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). Uttar Pradesh J. Zool. 11: 43-47.

Yu, Jih-.zu and Chen, Chien-chung. 1991. Effects of different regimes of photoperiod on the emergence and oviposition of the rice moth (Corcyra cephalonica Stainton). J. Agri. Res. China 40(1): 52-56.

Cryptolestes ferrugineus

Arthur, F. H. and Flinn, P. W. 2000. Aeration management for stored hard red winter wheat: Simulation impact on Rusty Grain Beetle (Coleoptera: Cucujidae) population. Journal of Economic Entomology 93(4): 1364–1372.

Ashby, K. R. 1961. Population Dynamics of Cryptolestes ferrugineus (Stephens) (Col., Cucujidae) in Flour and on Manitoba Wheat. Bulletin of Entomological Research 52(2): 363-379.

Athanassiou, C., N. Kavallieratos, N. Palyvos, A. Sciarretta, and P. Trematerra. 2005. Spatiotemporal distribution of insects and mites in horizontally stored wheat. J. Econ. Entomol. 98:1058-1069

Athanassiou, C., N. Palyvos, P. Eliopoulos, and G. Papadoulis. 2001. Distribution and migration of insects and mites in flat storage containing wheat. Phytoparasitica 29:379-392.

Barker, P. S., and Smith, L. B. 1990. Influence of granary type and farm practices on the relative abundance of insects in granary residues, Can. Entomol., 122: 393-400.

Barnes, D. F. and G. H. Kaloostian. 1940. Flight habits and seasonal abundance of dried-fruit insects. J. Econ. Entomol. 33: 115-119.

Barrer, P. M. 1983. A field demonstration of odour-based, host-food finding behaviour in several species of stored grain insects. Journal of Stored Products Research 19(3): 105-110.

Campbell, A., and R. N. Sinha. 1990. Analysis and simulation modelling of population dynamics and bioenergetics of Cryptolestes ferrugineus (Coleoptera: Cucujidae) in stored wheat. Researches on population ecology 32(2): 235-254.

Cogan, P.M., Wakefield, M.E., Armitage, D.M. and Wilkin, D.R. 1991. Monitoring beetle pests movement in aerated grain bins by the use of pitfall cup and probe traps. p. 1311-1320. In Fleurat-Lessard, F.; Ducom, P. (Eds.), Proceedings of the 5th International Working Conference on Stored-Product Protection, 9-14 September 1990, Bordeaux, France. Imprimerie du Médoc, Bordeaux, France, 1991.

Cox, P., J. Atkinson, K. Bannon, and J. Hatfield. 1993. Studies of Refuge-Seeking Behavior and Locomotory Activity in Cryptolestes ferrugineus (Stephens) (Coleoptera, Cucujidae) using Time-Lapse Video Recordings. J. Stored Prod. Res. 29:283-289.

Cox, P., D. Fleming, J. Atkinson, K. Bannon, and J. Whitfield. 1997. The effect of behaviour on the survival of Cryptolestes ferrugineus in an insecticide-treated laboratory environment. J. Stored Prod. Res. 33:257-269.

Cox, P. D. and Parish, W. E. 1991. Effects of refuge content and food availability on refuge-seeking behavior in Cryptolestes ferrugineus (Stephens) (Coleoptera: Cucujidae), J. Stored Prod. Res. 27: 135-139.

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Cryptolestes pusillus

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Cryptolestes turcicus

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Cryptophagus acutangulus

Cryptophagus cellaris

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Cryptophagus inscitus

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Cryptophagus perrisii

Cryptophagus varus

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Cylas formicarius

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Cylas puncticollis

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Cynaeus angustus

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Dermestes lardarius

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Mills, J. T., and N. D. G. White. 1993. Seasonal occurrence of insects and mites in a Manitoba feed mill. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Manitoba 49:1-15.

Dermestes maculatus

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Dinoderus bifoveolatus

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Dinoderus porcellus

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Elasmolomus sordidus

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Endrosis sarcitrella

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Ephestia elutella

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Buchelos, C. T. 1998. Farm Stored Tobacco Insect Pests: Surveillance and Population Dynamics of Ephestia elutella and Plodia interpunctella Moths by Means of Pheromone Traps. IOBC/wprs Bulletin 21 (3): 127-132.

Carvalho, M. O., A. P. Pereira, A. David and A. Mexia. 2002. Population fluctuations of Lasioderma serricorne and Ephestia elutella in stored tobacco. IOBC/wprs Bulletin 25: 73-79.

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Ethelston, J. D. 1964. Investigations of the Ecology, Biology and Control of Ephestia elutella Hbn. in Stored Semi-Mature Turkish Tobacco. Department of agricultural technical services.

Knoche, C. H. 1962. Einschleppung Und Flugzeiten Von Kakaomotten (Introduction and Flight Times of Cocoa Moths). Gordian 62: 11-15.

Nicol, J. M. 1941. Insect infestation of cocoa beans in the producing countries, with a note on the extent to which Ephestia elutella Hüb. and E. cautella Wlk. establish themselves in warehouses and factories in Great Britain. Bulletin Imperial Institute 39: 17–25.

Reichmuth, C., H. Schmidt, A. Levinson and H. Levinson. 1980. Seasonal Occurrence of the Warehouse Moth (Ephestia elutella Hbn) in West Berlin Granaries as Well as the Correspondingly Timed Application of Control Measures. Zeitschrift Fur Angewandte Entomologie-Journal of Applied Entomology 89: 104-111.

Richards, O. W., and Waloff, N. 1946. The study of a population of Ephestia elutella Hübner (Lep., Phycitidae) living on bulk grain. Trans. R. Entomol. Soc., Lond. 97:253-298.

Waloff, N. and O. W. Richards. 1946. Observations on the behaviour of Ephestia eutella Hubner (Lepidoptera, Pycitidae breeding on bulk grain. Transactions of the Royal Entomological Society of London 97: 299-335.

Ephesita kuehniella

Ahmad, T. 1936. Influence of Ecological Factors on the Mediterranean Flour Moth, Ephesita kuehniella and its Parasite, Nemeritis canescens. Journal of Animal Ecology 5: 67-93.

Barnes, D. F. and G. H. Kaloostian. 1940. Flight habits and seasonal abundance of dried-fruit insects. J. Econ. Entomol. 33: 115-119.

Brandt, H. 1934. Die Lichtorientierung der Mehlmotte Ephestia kuehniella Zeller (Light orientation of the flour moth, Ephestia kuehniella Zeller). Z. Vergleich. Physiol. 20: 646-673.

Cole, D.B. and Cox, P.D. 1981. Studies on three moth species in a Scottish port silo, with special reference to overwintering Ephestia kuehniella (Zeller) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). J. Stored Prod. Res. 17: 163–181.

Coşkuncu, Kıymet Senan and Bahattin Kovanci. 2005. Bursa İli un fabrikalarında zarar yapan Ephestia kuehniella Zeller (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)’nın ergin popülasyon dalgalanması. (The adult population fluctuations of Ephestia kuehniella Zeller (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in flour factories in Bursa province) Turkish Journal of Entomology 29(1): 35-48.

Donohoe, Heber C. and Dwight F. Barnes. 1934. Notes on field trapping of Lepidoptera attacking dried fruits. J. Econ. Entomol. 28: 1067-1072.

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Edwards, D. K. 1962. Laboratory Determinations of the Daily Flight Times of Separate Sexes of some Moths in Naturally Changing Light. Canadian Journal of Zoology 40: 511-530.

Hosny, M. M., M. H. Hassanein and A. H. Kamel. 1968. Ecological Studies on Anagasta kuehniella and Corcyra Cephalonica Infesting Flour Mills in Cairo. Bulletin De La Societe Entomologique d’Egypte 52: 445-456.

Imura, O. 1980. Stored-product insects in a barley mill. I. seasonal abundance of insects. Shokuhin Sogo Kenkyujo kenkyu hokoku Report of National Food Research Institute 98-108.

Imura, O. 1981. Stored-product insects in a barley mill. II. Fauna and seasonal changes of species diversity. Jap. J. Ecol. 31:139-146.

Salama, H. S. E. A. 1973. Seasonal fluctuations in the population of insect fauna in flour mills. Zeitschrift fuer Angewandte Entomologie 74: 160-169.

Skovgard, H., Holst, N., and Nielsen, P. S. 1999. Simulation model of the Mediterranean flour moth (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in Danish flour mills. Environ. Entomol. 28: 1060-1066.

Stejskal, V., J. Lukáš, E. Žd’árková, M. Wakefield, and J. Hubert. 2002. Spatial arrangement of Venturia canescens and Ephestia kuehniella in the extremely infested pasta-producing factory: a case history, pp. 116-117. In E. Zdarkova, M. Wakefield, J. Lukas and J. Hubert (eds.), Biological Control of pest insects and mites with special reference of entomophthorales. Proceedings of the second meeting of working group 4, COST Action 842, 30-31 May 2002, Prague, Czech Republic. Research Institute of Crop Production, Prague, Czech Republic.

Traynier, R. M. M. 1970. Sexual behaviour of the Mediterranean flour moth, Anagasta kühniella: Some influences of age, photoperiod, and light intensity. The Canadian Entomologist 102(5): 534-540.

Trdan,, S., M. Kac, M. Vidrih and Z. Laznik. 2010. Seasonal dynamics of three lepidopteran stored grain pests in Slovenia. p. 197-201. In Carvalho, M.O.; Fields, P.G.; Adler, C.S.; Arthur, F.H.; Athanassiou, C.G.; Campbell, J.F.; Fleurat-Lessard, F.; Flinn, P.W.; Hodges, R.J.; Isikber, A.A.; Navarro, S.; Noyes, R.T.; Riudavets, J.; Sinha, K.K.; Thorpe, G.R.; Timlick, B.H.; Trematerra, P.; White, N.D.G. (eds.), Proceedings of the 10th International Working Conference on Stored Product Protection, 27 June to 2 July 2010, Estoril, Portugal. Julius Kühn-Institut Berlin, Germany

Trematerra, P. 1991. Population dynamic of Ephestia kuehniella Zeller in a flour mill: Three years of mass-trapping. p. 1435-1443. In Fleurat-Lessard, F.; Ducom, P. (Eds.), Proceedings of the 5th International Working Conference on Stored-Product Protection, 9-14 September 1990, Bordeaux, France. Imprimerie du Médoc, Bordeaux, France, 1991.

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Ephestiodes gilvescentella

Barnes, D. F. and G. H. Kaloostian. 1940. Flight habits and seasonal abundance of dried-fruit insects. J. Econ. Entomol. 33: 115-119.

Donohoe, Heber C. and Dwight F. Barnes. 1934. Notes on field trapping of Lepidoptera attacking dried fruits. J. Econ. Entomol. 28: 1067-1072.

Eulaelaps stabularis

Eupelmus vuilleti*

Cortesero, A., J. Monge, and J. Huignard. 1997. Dispersal and parasitizing abilities of Eupelmus vuilleti (Hymenoptera: Eupelmidae) within a column of cowpea seeds. Environ. Entomol. 26: 1025-1030.

Galleria mellonella

Hanumanthaswamy, B. C. 2000. Natural Enemies of Honey Bees with Special Reference to Bio Ecology and Management of Greater Wax Moth, Galleria mellonella L (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). Ph.D. Thesis, University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, India.

Gastrallus immarginatus

Whitehead, P. F. 2004. Gastrallus immarginatus (Müller 1821) breeding on rosaceous fruit trees in England. Entomologist’s Monthly Magazine 140: 50.

Glischrochilus fasciatus

Blackmer, J. L. and P. L. Phelan. 1995. Ecological analysis of Nitidulidae: seasonal occurrence, host choise and habitat preference. J. Appl. Entomol. 119: 321-329.

Glischrochilus quadrisignatus

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Foott, W. H., and P. R. Timmins. 1971. Importance of field corn as a reproductive site for Glischrochilus quadrisignatus (Say) (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae). Proc. Entomol. Soc. Ontario 101: 73-75.

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Keszthelyi, S. 2012. Evaluation of flight phenology and number of generations of the four-spotted sap beetle, Glischrochilus quadrisignatus in Europe. Bulletin of Insectology 65: 9-16.

Glycyphagus destructor

Cusack, P.D. and Brennan, P.A. 1975 Rate of colonization of clean wheat and oatmeal by mites in infested areas of a flour mill. Sci. Proc. R. Dublin Soc. Ser. B 3:341–353.

Liscombe, E. A. and F. L. Watters. 1962. Insect and mite infestations in empty granaries in the prairie provinces. Can. Entomol. 94: 433-441.

Sinha, R. N. 1968. Seasonal changes in mite populations in rural granaries in Japan. Ann. Entomol. Soc. Amer. 61: 938-949.

Sinha, R. N. and Bronswijk, J. E. M. H. 1970. Multivariate analysis of canadian and Japanese populations of Glycyphagus destructor. Researches on Population Ecology 12: 215-217.

Sinha, R.N. and Wallace, H.A.H. 1973. Population dynamics of stored-product mites. Oecologia 12: 315–327.

Stratil, H., H. Stratil, and W. Knulle. 1981. ökologische Untersuchungen zur Oberflächenvermilbung des Lagergetreides (Ecological-Studies of Mite Infestation at the Surface-Layer of Stored Grain) Zeitschrift Fur Angewandte Entomologie-Journal of Applied Entomology 92(1-5): 113-120.

Glycyphagus domesticus

Cusack, P.D. and Brennan, P.A. 1975. Rate of colonization of clean wheat and oatmeal by mites in infested areas of a flour mill. Sci. Proc. R. Dublin Soc. Ser. B 3:341–353.

Gnathocerus cornutus

Dyte, C. E. 1965. Studies on insect infestations in the machinery of three English flour mills in relation to seasonal temperature changes. Journal of Stored Products Research 1(2): 129-144.

Pereira, P.R.V.S., Lazzari, F. and Lazzari, S.M.N. 1998. Insect monitoring outside grain storage facilities in southern Brazil. p 1534-1536. In: Jin, Z., Liang, Q., Liang, Y., Tan, X., Guan, L. (eds), Proceedings of the Seventh International Working Conference on Stored-product Protection, 14-19 October 1998, Beijing, China, Sichuan Publishing House of Science and Technology, Chengdu, China.

Williams, Gwyneth C. 1961. Infestation of a disused flour mill. Milling, London 136(4): 92

Haemogamasus pontiger

Haplotinea ditella

Williams, Gwyneth C. 1961. Infestation of a disused flour mill. Milling, London 136(4): 92

Haptoncus luteolus

Kehat, M., D. Blumberg and R. N. Williams. 1983. Seasonal Abundance of Sap Beetles (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae) in Date Plantation in Israel. Phytoparasitica 11(2): 109-112.

Hofmannophila pseudospretella

Coombs, C. W. and J. A. Freeman. 1955. Insect fauna of an empty granary. Bull. Entomol. Res. 46: 399-417.

Coombs, C. W. and G. E. Woodroffe. 1968. Changes in the arthropod fauna of an experimental bulk of stored wheat. Journal of Applied Ecology 5: 563-574.

Holepyris sylvanidis*

Adler, Cornel, Matthias Schöller and Sandra Beier. 2012. Development of insects in a flour mill treated with Holepyris sylvanidis (Hym., Bethylidae) for biological control of the confused flour beetle, Tribolium confusum (Col., Tenebrionidae). IOBC-WPRS Bulletin 81: 169-170.

Athanassiou, C. G., and P. A. Eliopoulos. 2003. Seasonal abundance of insect pests and their parasitoids in stored currants. IOBC WPRS Bulletin 26(8): 283-292.

Lorenz, S., C. Adler and C. Reichmuth. 2010. Penetration ability of Holepyris sylvanidis into the feeding substrate of its host Tribolium confusum. p. 721-725. In M. O. Carvalho, P. G. Fields, C. S. Adler, F. H. Arthur, C. G. Athanassiou, J. F. Campbell, F. Fleurat-Lessard, P. W. Flinn, R. J. Hodges, A. A. Isikber, S. Navarro, R. T. Noyes, J. Riudavets, K. K. Sinha, G. R. Thorpe, B. H. Timlick, P. Trematerra and N. D. G. White (eds.), Proceedings of the 10th International Working Conference on Stored Product Protection, 27 June-2 July 2010, Estoril, Portugal. Julius Kühn-Institut, Berlin, Germany.

Spittler.G.H. and Hartsell, P. L. 1975. Pirimiphos-methyl as a protectant for stored inshell almonds. J. Econ. Entomol. 68: 777-780

Holoparamecus imporcitis

Basak, P. K. 1991. New records and seasonality of beetles infesting stored herbal drugs. Geobios New Reports 10: 38-41.

Hypothenemus obscurus

Delate, K. M., J. W. Armstrong, and V. P. Jones. 1994. Postharvest control treatments for Hypothenemus obscurus (F) (Coleoptera, Scolytidae) in macadamia nuts. J. Econ. Entomol. 87: 120-126.

Jones, Vincent P., Linda L. Burnam-Larish, and Lois C. Caprio. 1992. Effect of harvest interval and cultivar on damage to macadamia nuts caused by Hypothenemus obscurus (Coleoptera: Scolytidae). Journal of economic entomology 85(5): 1878-1883.

Hypothenemus hampei

Borbo´n-Martinez, M. O. 1989. Bioecologie d’un Ravageur Des Baies De cafe´ier. Hypothenemus hampei Ferr. (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) Et De Ses Parasitoides Au Togo.(Bioecology a Pest of Berries Coffee Borer Beetle Hypothenemus Hampei Ferr. (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) and its Parasitoids in Togo) PhD thesis, Universite´ Paul Sabatier de Toulouse, France.

Chediak, Mateus. 2009. Dinâmica e Fatores-Chave De Mortalidade Da Broca do Café (Hypothenemus Hampei). (Dynamics and Key Mortality Factors of the Coffee Borer (Hypothenemus Hampei)) MS thesis, Universidade Federal de Vicosa, Brazil.

Dufour, B., S. Calderon, L. Bernadette and F. Aragon. 1997. Biological control of the coffee berry borer during the post-harvest period: Evaluation methods. Plantations Recherche Developpement 4(2): 115-125.

Hollingsworth, Robert G., Eric B. Jang and Peter A. Follett. 2013. Freezing as a Treatment to Prevent the Spread of Hypothenemus hampei (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), in Coffee. Journal of Economic Entomology 106: 653-660.

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Mathieu, F. 1995. Mécanismes De La Colonisation De l’hôte Chez Le Scolyte Du Café Hypotlzenemzis Hampei (Ferr.) (Coleoptera: Scolytidae). (Mechanisms of Host Colonization in Coffee Beetle Hypotlzenemzis hampei (Ferr.) (Coleoptera: Scolytidae)). Thesis, Université de Paris, Paris, France.

Mathieu, F., L. Brun and B. Frérot. Factor Related to Native Host Abandonment by the Coffee Berry Borer Hipothenemus hampei (Ferr.) (Col., Scolytidae). Journal of Applied Entomology 121(1-5): 175-180.

Mathieu, F., V. Gaudichon, L. O. Brun and B. Frerot. 2001. Effects of Physiological Status on Olfactory and Visual Responses of Female Hypothenemus hampei during Host Plant Colonization. Physiol. Entomol. 26: 189-193.

Mathieu, F., L. O. Brun, B. Frerot, D. M. Suckling and C. Framotin. 1999. Progression in Field Infestation is Linked with Trapping of Coffee Berry Borer, Hypothenemus hampei (Col., Scolytidae). Journal of Applied Entomology 123: 535-540.

Mathieu, F., L. O. Brun, C. Marchillaud, and B. Frerot. 1997. Trapping of the Coffee Berry Borer Hypothenemus hampei Ferr. (Col., Scolytidae) within a Mesh-Enclosed Environment: Interaction of Olfactory and Visual Stimuli. Journal of Applied Entomology 121: 181-186.

Mendesil, E., T. J. Bruce, C. M. Woodcock, J. C. Caulfield, E. Seyoum and J. A. Pickett. 2009. Semiochemicals used in Host Location by the Coffee Berry Borer, Hypothenemus hampei. Journal of Chemical Ecology 35(8): 944-950.

Montes Escobar, Karime. 2012. Modelos De Distribución De La Broca Hypothenemus Hampei (Ferrari)(Coleoptera: Curculionidae) En Diferentes Usos De Suelo, En El Cantón De Turrialba, Costa Rica. (Distribution Models of the Hypothenemus hampei (Ferrari) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) Borer in Different Land Uses, in the Canton of Turrialba, Costa Rica) Magister Scientiae en Agroforestería Tropical, Centro Agronómico Tropical de Investigación y Enseñanza (CATIE).

Narasimhan, K. S. 1994. Post Harvest Management to Contain and Prevent the Spread of Coffee Berry Borer, Hypothenemus Hampei. Indian Coffee 58(8): 41-42.

Ortiz, A., A. Ortiz, F. E. Veja and F. Posada. 2004. Volatile Composition of Coffee Berries at Different Stages of Ripeness and their Possible Attraction to the Coffee Berry Borer Hypothenemus hampei (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 52: 5914-5918.

Pereira, Adriano E., Evaldo F. Vilela, Ricardo S. Tinoco, de Lima, José Oscar G., Andreza K. Fantine, Elisângela G. F. Morais and Christiane F. M. França. 2012. Correlation between Numbers Captured and Infestation Levels of the Coffee Berry-Borer, Hypothenemus hampei: A Preliminary Basis for an Action Threshold using Baited Traps. International Journal of Pest Management 58(2): 183-190.

Pérez-Lachaud, Gabriela and Ian C. W. Hardy. 2001. Alternative Hosts for Bethylid Parasitoids of the Coffee Berry Borer, Hypothenemus hampei (Coleoptera: Scolytidae). Biological Control 22(3): 265-277.

Silva, Weliton Dias, Camila Moreira Costa and José Maurício Simões Bento. 2014. How Old are Colonizing Hypothenemus hampei (Ferrari) Females when they Leave the Native Coffee Fruit? Journal of Insect Behavior 27(6): 729-735.

Silva, Weliton Dias, Gabriel Moura Mascarin, Emiliana Manesco Romagnoli and José Maurício Simões Bento. 2012. Mating Behavior of the Coffee Berry Borer, Hypothenemus Hampei (Ferrari) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae). Journal of Insect Behavior 25(4): 408-417.

Silva, F. C. da, M. U. Ventura and L. Morales. 2006. Capture of Hypothenemus hampei Ferrari (Coleoptera, Scolytidae) in Response to Trap Characteristics. Sci. Agric. 63: 567-571.

Laelius centratus

Johnson, J., K. Valero, M. Hannel, and R. Gill. 2000. Seasonal occurrence of postharvest dried fruit insects and their parasitoids in a culled fig warehouse. J. Econ. Entomol. 93:1380-1390.

Laemophloeus testacus

Salama, H. S. E. A. 1973. Seasonal fluctuations in the population of insect fauna in flour mills. Zeitschrift fuer Angewandte Entomologie 74: 160-169.

Lariophagus distinguendus*

Steidle, J., and M. Schöller. 2000. Host finding of the granary weevil parasitoid Lariophagus distinguendus (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) in storage environment. IOBC/wprs Bulletin 23:135-141.

Lasioderma serricorne

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Basak, P. K. 1991. New records and seasonality of beetles infesting stored herbal drugs. Geobios New Reports 10: 38-41.

Bilal, Hamze, Abdulnabi Mohamed Basheer, and Alaa Turky Saleh. 2011. Survey and Abundance of Common Parasitoid and Predatory Species of the Cigarette Beetle, Lasioderma serricorne (F.)(Coleoptera: Anobiidae) in Tobacco Storage Warehouses in Syria. Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control 21(2): 151-153.

Buchelos, C. T. 1989. A contribution to Lasioderma spp. and other Coleoptera collected from thistles in southern Greece. Entomol. Hell. 7:7-12.

Campbell, J., M. Mullen, and A. Dowdy. 2002. Monitoring stored-product pests in food processing plants with pheromone trapping, contour mapping, and mark-recapture. J. Econ. Entomol. 95:1089-1101.

Carvalho, M. O., A. P. Pereira, A. David and A. Mexia. 2002. Population fluctuations of Lasioderma serricorne and Ephestia elutella in stored tobacco. IOBC/wprs Bulletin 25: 73-79.

Chin, W. T., and H. C. Lin. 1990. Studies on the occurrence of cigarette beetle, Lasioderma serricorne (F.) with ‘Serrico’trap in Fen-Yuan tobacco factory. Bulletin of the Tobacco Research Institute, Taiwan Tobacco & Wine Monopoly Bureau 32:53-58.

Cogburn, R. R. 1973. Stored-product insect populations in port warehouses of the Gulf coast, Environ. Entomol. 2: 401-407.

Degheidi, M. A. and S. S. El-Gendi. 1995. Effect of seasonal variation and storage period on the insect infestation of “Ras” Cheese. Egyptian J. Food Sci. 23(1/2): 47-56.

El-Din, M.A.M. 2003. Studies on Diets and Population Dynamics of the Cigarette Beetle Lasioderma serricorne F. (Col., Anobiidae). Anzeiger Fur Schadlingskunde-Journal of Pest Science 76 (1): 14-16.

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Fardisi, Mahsa and Linda J. Mason. 2013. Influence of Temperature, Gender, Age, and Mating Status on Cigarette Beetle (Lasioderma Serricorne (F.)) (Coleoptera: Anobiidae) Flight Initiation. Journal of Stored Products Research 52 (0): 93-99.

Fletcher, L. W. et al. 1972. Sources of cigarette beetle reinfestation in fumigated warehouses. Tobacco Science 16: 175.

Jha, A. N. 1990. Ecological and Toxicological Studies on Lasioderma serricorne Fab. and Stegobium paniceum Linn. Infesting Stored Spices. PhD diss., Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Division of Entomology, New Delhi, India.

Kurup, A. R. et al. 1959. Studies on the seasonal occurrence of cigarette beetle under warehouse conditions. Indian Tobacco 9: 93-96.

Lefkovitch, L. P. 1967. Larval movement of Lasioderma serricorne (F.) (Coleoptera: Anobiidae) in a plane. Researches on Population Ecology 9: 45-52.

Niiho, C. 1984. Ecological Study of the Tobacco Beetle, Lasioderma serricorne (F) .2. Growth of Tobacco Beetles Fed on Bread Crumbs. Japanese Journal of Applied Entomology and Zoology 28 (4): 209-216.

Niiho, C. 1985. Ecological Study of the Cigarette Beetle, Lasioderma serricorne (F.) III. House Household Insect Pests 23 (24): 29-38.

Papadopoulou, S. C., and Buchelos, C. T. 2002. Definition of the flight period of Lasioderma serricorne (F.) in stored tobacco. J. Pest Sci. 75: 81-83.

Papadopoulou, S. and C. Buchelos. 2003. Lasioderma serricorne (Coleoptera, Anobiidae), Number of generations and phenology, in tobacco stores of Northern Greece (Macedonia). Dtsch. Entomol. Z. 50: 255-257

Powell, T. E. 1931. Ecological Study of the Tobacco Beetle, Lasioderma Serricorne Fabr., with Special Reference to its Life History and Control. Ecological Monographs 1: 333-393.

Riley, J. 1963. The distribution of insects in a 1,000 ton stack of bagged cocoa beans after storage at Apapa for two months. Nigerian Stored Prod. Res. Inst. Tech. Rep. 1963. No.2: 34-40.

Rolania, K. 2009. Bio-Ecology and Management of Cigarette Beetle, Lasioderma Serricorne Fab. Infesting Stored Fennel (Foeniculum Vulgare Mill.). Doctoral dissertation, Rajasthan Agricultural University.

Saleh, Alaa. 2012. Ecological and Biological Study of the Cigarette Beetle, Lasioderma serricorne and Survey its Natural Enemies. Master, Faculty of Agriculture, Damascus University, Syria.

Singh, K. 1977. Seasonal variations in the population of insect pests of stored products in west Bengal. Indian J. Ecol. 4: 212-217.

Sivik, F. P., J. N. Tenhet, and C. D. Delamar. 1957. Ecological Study of the Cigarette Beetle in Tobacco Storage Warehouses. Journal of Economic Entomology 50(3): 310-316.

Sone, J. and M. H. Ohh. 2001. Seasonal Occurrence of Cigarette Beetle, Lasioderma serricorne F. at Tobacco Storage Warehouses in Korea. Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology 4: 23-26.

Suezawa, Y., Miyashiro, R., and Tamura, A. 1987. Estimation of population of cigarette beetle, Lasioderma serricorne (F.), by synthetic sex pheromone and food attractant in factories of hand-extended fine noodles. J. Jpn. Soc. Food Sci. Technol. 34:635-639.

Takaoka, I., and K. Nakazawa. 1956. Studies on insects attacking stored tobacco and tobacco products. II. External morphology, seasonal occurrence and habits of cigarette beetle, Lasioderma serricorne (Fabricius). Bull. Hatano Tob. Exp. Sta. 41:17-29.

Zhang, Xiaoxi and Mingjie Wang. 1995. An Ecological Study on the Laboratory Population of Cigarette Beetle, Lasioderma serricorne (F.) (Coleoptera; Anobiidae). Kun Chong Xue Bao/ Acta Entomologica Sinica 39(4): 382-392.

Latheticus oryzae

Athanassiou, C., N. Palyvos, P. Eliopoulos, and G. Papadoulis. 2001. Distribution and migration of insects and mites in flat storage containing wheat. Phytoparasitica 29:379-392.

Imura, O. 1980. Stored-product insects in a barley mill. I. seasonal abundance of insects. Shokuhin Sogo Kenkyujo kenkyu hokoku Report of National Food Research Institute 98-108.

Imura, O. 1981. Stored-product insects in a barley mill. II. Fauna and seasonal changes of species diversity. Jap. J. Ecol. 31:139-146.

Sharangapani, M.V. and Pingale, S.V., 1957. A study of movements of some insect pests through grain stored in bags. Indian Journal of Entomology 18: 243-250.

Lathridius minutus

Barker, P. S., and Smith, L. B. 1990. Influence of granary type and farm practices on the relative abundance of insects in granary residues, Can. Entomol., 122: 393-400.

Franqui–Rivera, R. A. 1995. Behaviour, patterns of seasonal activity, and cold tolerance in Bracon hebetor Say (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Ph.D. Thesis, University of Wisconsin–Madison.

Sinha, R.N. 1974 Seasonal abundance of insects and mites in small farm granaries. Environ. Entomol. 3: 854–862.

Lepidoglyphus destructor

Athanassiou, C., N. Kavallieratos, N. Palyvos, A. Sciarretta, and P. Trematerra. 2005. Spatiotemporal distribution of insects and mites in horizontally stored wheat. J. Econ. Entomol. 98:1058-1069.

Athanassiou, C., N. Palyvos, P. Eliopoulos, and G. Papadoulis. 2001. Distribution and migration of insects and mites in flat storage containing wheat. Phytoparasitica 29:379-392.

Hurlock, E. T., D. M. Armitage, and B. E. Llewellin. 1980. Seasonal changes in mite (Acari) and fungal populations in aerated and unaerated wheat stored for three years. Bull. Entomol. Res. 70:537-548.

Sinha, Ranendra N. and Hitoshi Kawamoto. 1990. Dynamics and distribution patterns of acarine populations in stored-oat ecosystems. Res. Popul. Ecol. 32: 33-46.

Lepinotus patruelis

Fahy, E. D. 1971. Some factors in the ecology and dispersal of Lepinotus patruelis Pearman (Psocoptera), a pest of stored products. J. Stored Prod. Res. 7: 107-123.

Lepinotus reticulatus

Sinha, R. N. 1988. Population dynamics of Psocoptera in farm-stored grain and oilseed. Canadian Journal of Zoology 66(12): 2618-2627.

Liposcelis bostrychophilus

Diaz-Montano, J., J. F. Campbell, P. W. Flinn and J. E. Throne. 2014. Distribution of three psocid species (Psocoptera: Liposcelididae) in different moisture gradients in wheat. J. Stored Prod. Res. 59: 172-177.

Sinha, R. N. 1988. Population dynamics of Psocoptera in farm-stored grain and oilseed. Canadian Journal of Zoology 66(12): 2618-2627.

Throne, J. E., and P. W. Flinn. 2013. Distribution of psocids (Psocoptera) in temperature gradients in stored wheat. J. Stored Prod. Res. 55:27-31.

Liposcelis brunnea

Liposcelis decolor

Opit, George P., Edmond L. Bonjour and Randy L. Beeby. 2011. Seasonal Abundance and Distribution of Psocids in an Animal Feed Warehouse. IOBC/wprs Bulletin 69: 111-122.

Opit, G.P., Throne, J.E. and Flinn, P.W. 2009. Temporospatial distribution of the psocids Liposcelis entomophila and L. decolor (Psocoptera: Liposcelididae) in steel bins containing wheat. Journal of Economic Entomology 102, 1369-1376.

Opit, G. P., J. E. Throne and P. W. Flinn. 2009. Evaluation of Five Sampling Methods for the Psocids Liposcelis entomophila and L. decolor (Psocoptera: Liposcelididae) in Steel Bins Containing Wheat. J. Econ. Entomol. 102:1377-1382.

Opit, G. P., J. E. Throne and P. W. Flinn. 2009. Sampling Plans for the Psocids Liposcelis entomophila and Liposcelis decolor (Psocoptera: Liposcelididae) in Steel Bins Containing Wheat. J. Econ. Entomol. 102:1714-1722.

Mikac, K.M. and Fitzstimmons, N.N., 2010. Genetic structure and dispersal patterns of the invasive psocid Liposcelis decolour (Pearman) in Australian grain storage systems. Bull. Entomol. Res. 100: 521-527.

Liposcelis entomophila

Mashaya, N. 1999. Population dynamics of Liposcelis entomophila (Enderlein) (Pscoptera:Liposcelidae) in farm tobacco processing buildings. J. Stored Prod. Res. 35:355-368.

Mashaya, N. 2001. Influences of ambient temperature and relative humidity on changes in numbers of a natural population of Liposcelis entomophila (Enderlein) (Psocoptera: Liposcelididae). J. Stored Prod. Res. 37:1-12.

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Liposcelis liparus

Sinha, R. N. 1988. Population dynamics of Psocoptera in farm-stored grain and oilseed. Canadian Journal of Zoology 66(12): 2618-2627.

Liposcelis paeta

Throne, J. E., and P. W. Flinn. 2013. Distribution of psocids (Psocoptera) in temperature gradients in stored wheat. J. Stored Prod. Res. 55:27-31.

Liposcelis rugosus

Sinha, R. N. 1988. Population dynamics of Psocoptera in farm-stored grain and oilseed. Canadian Journal of Zoology 66(12): 2618-2627.

Liposcelis subfuscus

Sinha, R. N. 1988. Population dynamics of Psocoptera in farm-stored grain and oilseed. Canadian Journal of Zoology 66(12): 2618-2627.

Lyctocoris campestris*

Arthur, B. W. 1956. Insects in stored peanuts and their seasonal abundance. J. Econ. Entomol. 49:119-120.

Franqui–Rivera, R. A. 1995. Behaviour, patterns of seasonal activity, and cold tolerance in Bracon hebetor Say (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Ph.D. Thesis, University of Wisconsin–Madison

Parajulee, M. N., and Phillips, T. W. 1995. Seasonal abundance and spatial patterns of the predator Lyctocoris campestris in stored corn. Entomol. Exp. Appl. 75:33-42.

Throne, J. E., Parajulee, M. N., and Phillips, T. W. 2000. Computer model of simulating population dynamics of the predator Lyctocoris campestris (Heteroptera: Anthocoridae) in stored shelled corn. Environ. Entomol. 29:1236-1243.

Trematerra, P. and P. Dioli. 1993. Lyctocoris campestris (F.) (Heteroptera: Anthocoridae) in stores of Triticum spelta L. in central Italy. Bollettino di Zoologia Agraria e di Bachicoltura 25: 251-257.

Mesostenus gracilis*

Arthur, B. W. 1956. Insects in stored peanuts and their seasonal abundance. J. Econ. Entomol. 49:119-120.

Johnson, J., K. Valero, M. Hannel, and R. Gill. 2000. Seasonal occurrence of postharvest dried fruit insects and their parasitoids in a culled fig warehouse. J. Econ. Entomol. 93:1380-1390.

Mussidia nigrivenella

Agboka, K., F. Schulthess, M. Tamò, K. Hell and S. Vidal. 2010. The importance of Mussidia nigrivenella Ragonot (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) as a post-harvest pest in different storage structures in Benin. J. Stored Prod. Res. 46:81-86.

Moyal, P. and M. Tran. 1991. Cob borer Mussidia nigrivenella (Lepidoptera; Pyralidae) of maize in Ivory Coast. I–morphological and biological data.Insect Science and Its Application 12: 209–214.

Moyal, P. and M.Tran1991. Cob borer Mussidia nigrivenella (Lepidoptera; Pyralidae) of maize in Ivory Coast. II–ecological data. Insect Science and Its Application 12: 215–223.

Setamou, M.,1996.Ecology of the Insect Pests of Maize with Special Reference to Mussidia nigrivenella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) and the Interaction with the Aflatoxin Producing Fungus Aspergillus flavus. M.Sc.thesis.University of Cape Coast, Ghana.

Setamou, M. 1999. Ecology and Pest Status of Mussidia nigrivenella Ragonot (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), a Cob Borer of Maize inWest Africa. Ph. D. thesis. University of Hanover,Germany 140 p.

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Setamou, M., Schulthess, F., Poehling, H.M. and Borgemeister, C. 2000. Monitoring and modeling of field infestation and damage by the maize earborer Mussidia nigrivenella Ragonot (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in Benin,West Africa. Journalof Economic Entomology 93: 650–657.

Mycetophagus quadriguttatus

Whitehead, P. F. 2007. An exception that proves the rule: proliferation in Mycetophagus quadriguttatus Muller, 1821. Entomologist’s Monthly Magazine 143: 67-68.

Necrobia rufipes

Ashman, F. 1962. Factors Affecting the Abundance of the Copra Beetle Necrobia rufipes (DeG.) (Col., Cleridae). Bulletin of Entomological Research 53: 671-680.

Oryzaephilus mercator

Bartels, D. 2000. Dispersion behaviour of Oryzaephilus mercator (Fauvel) (Coleoptera: Silvanidae) in phototaxis, geotaxis and thigmotaxis. IOBC/wprs Bulletin 23:227-231.

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Prevett, P. F. 1964. Distribution of insects in stacks of bagged groundnuts in northern Nigeria. Bull. Entomol. Res. 54: 689-713.

Spittler.G.H. and Hartsell, P. L. 1975. Pirimiphos-methyl as a protectant for stored inshell almonds. J. Econ. Entomol. 68: 777-780

Oryzaephilus surinamensis

Amos, T. G., and S. Dennler. 1969. Comparison of three strains of Oryzaephilus surinamensis (L.) (Coleoptera: Silvanidae) on a temperature-moisture gradient. J. Stored Prod. Res. 5:173-175.

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Armitage, D. M., P. G. Day, and G. J. Lewis. 1983. The effect of aeration on the vertical distribution of grain beetles (Coleoptera) in wheat. Bulletin of Entomological Research 73(2): 233-237.

Barnes, D. F. and G. H. Kaloostian. 1940. Flight habits and seasonal abundance of dried-fruit insects. J. Econ. Entomol. 33: 115-119.

Barson, G., D. A. Fleming, and E. Allan. 1992. Laboratory assessment of the behavioural responses of residual populations of Oryzaephilus surinamensis (L.) (Coleoptera: Silvanidae) to the contact insecticide pirimiphos-methyl by linear logistic modelling. Journal of Stored Products Research 28(3): 161-170

Barson, Graham 1991. Laboratory assessment of the residual toxicity of commercial formulations of insecticides to adult Oryzaephilus surinamensis (Coleoptera: Silvanidae) exposed for short time intervals. Journal of Stored Products Research 27(4): 205-211.

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Hagstrum, D. W. and P. W. Flinn. 1990. Simulations comparing insect species differences in response to wheat storage conditions and management practices. J. Econ. Entomol. 83: 2469‑2475.

Hagstrum, D. W., Milliken, G. A. and Waddell, M. S. 1985. Insect distribution in bulk stored wheat in relation to detection or estimation of abundance. Environ. Entomol. 14: 655‑661.

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Pereira, P.R.V.S., Lazzari, F. and Lazzari, S.M.N., 1998. Insect monitoring outside grain storage facilities in southern Brazil. p 1534-1536. In: Jin, Z., Liang, Q., Liang, Y., Tan, X., Guan, L. (Eds), Proceedings of the Seventh International Working Conference on Stored-product Protection, 14-19 October 1998, Beijing, China, Sichuan Publishing House of Science and Technology, Chengdu, China.

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Sharaf, Kamal, Petr Bures, Lucie Horova, Tomas Pavlicek, and Eviatar Nevo. 2008. Distribution of Abundance and Genome Size Variability in the Grain Beetle Oryzaephilus surinamensis (Linnaeus, 1758) (Coleoptera: Silvanidae). Zoology in the Middle East 45: 79-89.

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Spittler.G.H. and Hartsell, P. L. 1975. Pirimiphos-methyl as a protectant for stored inshell almonds. J. Econ. Entomol. 68: 777-780

Surtees, G. 1963. Laboratory studies on dispersion behaviour of adult beetles in grain. II. The saw-toothed grain beetle, Oryzaephilus surinamensis (L.) (Coleoptera, Silvanidae). Bull. Entomol. Res. 54(2): 285-296.

Surtees, G. 1965. Laboratory studies on dispersion behaviour of adult beetles in grain. X. Reaction of saw-toothed grain beetle, Orzaephilus surinamensis (L.), to isolated packets of damp and mouldy wheat. J. Appl. Ecol. 2: 71-80.

Surtees, G. 1965. Movement of prepupation larvae and pupation site of Oryzaephilus surinamensis. Tribolium Information Bulletin 8: 161.

Trematerra, P., M. C. Z. Paula, A. Sciarretta, and S. M. N. Lazzari. 2004. Spatio-temporal analysis of insect pests infesting a paddy rice storage facility. Neotropical Entomology 33:469-479

Trematerra, Pasquale and Sciarretta, Andrea. 2002. Phenology and spatial analysis of some Coleoptera infesting a feed-mill. p. 276–280. In: Credland, P.F., Armitage, D.M., Bell, C.H., Cogan, P.M., Highley, E. (Eds.), Advances in Stored Products Protection. Proceedings of the Eighth International Working Conference on Stored Product Protection, 22–26 July, York, UK. CABI International, Wallingford, Oxon.

Trematerra, P., and A. Sciarretta. 2004. Spatial distribution of some beetles infesting a feed mill with spatio-temporal dynamics of Oryzaephilus surinamensis, Tribolium castaneum and Tribolium confusum. Journal of Stored Products Research 40(4): 363-377.

Watson, E., and G. Barson. 1996. A laboratory assessment of the behavioural responses of three strains of Oryzaephilus surinamensis (L.)(Coleoptera: Silvanidae) to three insecticides and the insect repellent N, N-diethyl-m-toluamide. Journal of Stored Products Research 32(1): 59-67.

Pagiocerus frontalis

Eidtwendt, J. and F. A. Schulz 1991. Studies on the Biology and Ecology of Pagiocerus frontalis (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) Infesting Stored Maize in Ecuador. p 61-69. In Fleurat-Lessard, F.; Ducom, P. (Eds.), Proceedings of the 5th International Working Conference on Stored-Product Protection, 9-14 September 1990, Bordeaux, France. Imprimerie du Médoc, Bordeaux, France, 1991.

Gianoli, Ernesto, Isaías Ramos, Armando Alfaro-Tapia, Yolvi Valdéz, Erik R. Echegaray, and Erick Yábar. “Benefits of a maize–bean–weeds mixed cropping system in Urubamba Valley, Peruvian Andes.” International journal of pest management 52, no. 4 (2006): 283-289. (Pagiocerus frontalis)

Okello, S. P. 1994. Investigations on the pest potential of Pagiocerus frontalis (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) upon possible introduction to Kenya. Doktorarbeit, Technische Universität Berlin, Fachbereich Internationale Agrarentwicklung, Institut für Nutzpflanzenforschung Fachgebiet Phytomedizin, (Department of International Agricultural Development, Institute of Crop Research Division Phytomedicine)

Palorus ratzeburgi

Sellner, M. J. 2013. Seasonal activity of insects trapped in stored wheat in Kansas and stored rice in Texas. Master of Science, Department of Entomology, Kansas State University

Palorus subdepressus

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Sellner, M. J. 2013. Seasonal activity of insects trapped in stored wheat in Kansas and stored rice in Texas. Master of Science, Department of Entomology, Kansas State University

Paralipsa gularis

Kim, Kyu Chin, Seon Gon Kim and Hyeon Soon Choi. 1988. An investigation of insect pest and maximum occurrence period of key pest insects on stored rice grains. Korean J. Appl. Entomol. 27: 117-124

Paratriophytydeus coineaui

Sinha, Ranendra N. and Hitoshi Kawamoto. 1990. Dynamics and distribution patterns of acarine populations in stored-oat ecosystems. Res. Popul. Ecol. 32: 33-46.

Peregrinator biannulipes*

Petrobia latens

Kim, Kyu Chin, Seon Gon Kim and Hyeon Soon Choi. 1988. An investigation of insect pest and maximum occurrence period of key pest insects on stored rice grains. Korean J. Appl. Entomol. 27: 117-124.

Phthorimaea operculella

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Piophila casei

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Kira, M. T. 1951. Insect fauna of dairy products with special reference to the cheese skipper Piophila casei (L.). M. Sc., Faculty of Agriculture, Univ. Cairo, .

Swatonek, F. 1973. Beitrage zur Lebensweise der Kasefliege, Piophila casei L., und deren Bekampfung. (Contributions to the life of the cheese fly, Piophila casei L., and their control). Bodenkultur 24:91-96.

Plochionus pallens*

Barnes, D. F. and G. H. Kaloostian. 1940. Flight habits and seasonal abundance of dried-fruit insects. J. Econ. Entomol. 33: 115-119.

Plodia interpunctella

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Arthur, B. W. 1956. Insects in stored peanuts and their seasonal abundance. J. Econ. Entomol. 49:119-120.

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Bjornstad, O. N., M. Begon, N. C. Stenseth, W. Falck, S. M. Sait, and D. J. Thompson. 1998. Population Dynamics of the Indian Meal Moth: Demographic Stochasticity and Delayed Regulatory Mechanisms. Journal of Animal Ecology 67(1): 110-126.

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Franqui–Rivera, R. A. 1995. Behaviour, patterns of seasonal activity, and cold tolerance in Bracon hebetor Say (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Ph.D. Thesis, University of Wisconsin–Madison.

Ganyard, Milton Clark. 1971. Studies on the attractive properties of the sex pheromone of the Indian-meal moth, Plodia interpunctella, and related species, in indoor and outdoor environments. PhD dissertation, University of Georgia, Athens, GA. (Plodia interpunctella males dispersed up to 3.2 km over a 36 h period in release-recapture study)

Hagstrum, D. W., Milliken, G. A. and Waddell, M. S. 1985. Insect distribution in bulk stored wheat in relation to detection or estimation of abundance. Environ. Entomol. 14: 655‑661.

Hasan, Md, Christos G. Athanassiou, and Md Hossain. 2022. Estimating Long-Term Spatial Distribution of Plodia interpunctella in Various Food Facilities at Rajshahi Municipality, Bangladesh, through Pheromone-Baited Traps. Scientific Reports 12(1): 1–12.

Johnson, J., K. Valero, M. Hannel, and R. Gill. 2000. Seasonal occurrence of postharvest dried fruit insects and their parasitoids in a culled fig warehouse. J. Econ. Entomol. 93:1380-1390.

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Marsh, D., J. S. Kennedy, and A. R. Ludlow. 1978. An analysis of anemotactic zigzagging flight in male moths stimulated by pheromone. Physiological Entomology 3: 221-240.

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Nansen, Christian, William G. Meikle, and Thomas W. Phillips. 2006. Ovipositional response of Indianmeal moth (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) to size, quality, and number of food patches. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 99(2): 253-260.

Nansen, C., T. Phillips, M. Parajulee, and R. Franqui. 2004. Comparison of direct and indirect sampling procedures for Plodia interpunctella in a maize storage facility. J. Stored Prod. Res. 40:151-168.

Nansen, Christian, Thomas W. Phillips, and Stacy Sanders. 2004. Effects of height and adjacent surfaces on captures of Indianmeal moth (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in pheromone-baited traps. Journal of economic entomology 97(4): 1284-1290.

Roesli, R., Subramanyam, B., Campbell, J. F., and Kemp, K. 2003b. Impact of selected IPM practices on insect populations in retail pet stores. Pages 410-419 in: Advances in Stored Product Protection. Proc. Int. Work. Conf. on Stored Prod. Prot., 8th. (York, UK.) P. F. Credland, D. M. Armitage, C. H. Bell, P. M. Cogan, and E. Highley, Eds. CAB International, Wallingford, UK.

Schmidt, H. U. 1982. Untersuchungen uber die eiablagetiefe der dorrobstmotte Plodia interpunctella Hbn. in roggen und mais (The Depth of Egg Deposition of the Indian Meal Moth, Plodia interpunctella Hbn in Rye and Maize). Anzeiger Fur Schadlingskunde Pflanzenschutz Umweltschutz 55: 1-4.

Sellner, M. J. 2013. Seasonal activity of insects trapped in stored wheat in Kansas and stored rice in Texas. Master of Science, Department of Entomology, Kansas State University

Silhacek, D., C. Murphy, and R. T. Arbogast. 2003. Behavior and movements of Indian meal moths (Plodia interpunctella Hübner) during commodity infestation. Journal of Stored Products Research 39(2): 171-184.

Simmons, P., and H. C. Donohoe. 1938. Changes in the insect population of stored raisins. USDA Bur. Entomol. and Plant Quarantine E-437

Spittler.G.H. and Hartsell, P. L. 1975. Pirimiphos-methyl as a protectant for stored inshell almonds. J. Econ. Entomol. 68: 777-780

Trematerra, Pasquale, Annachiara Oliviero, Sara Savoldelli and Matthias Schöller. Controlling infestation of a chocolate factory by Plodia interpunctella by combining mating disruption and the parasitoid Habrobracon hebetor. Insect science (2016). 1–8, DOI 10.1111/1744-7917.12319

Tsuji, H. 1960. Studies on the Ecological Life History of the Indian-Meal Moth, Plodia Interpunctella Huebner. I. Comparative Studies of the Three Stocks with Special Reference to the Onset of Diapause. Applied Entomology and Zoology Nihon Oyo Dobutsu Konchu Gakkai 4(3): 173-181.

Tzanakakis, Minos E. 1959. An Ecological Study of the Indian-Meal Moth Plodia Interpunctella (Hübner) with Emphasis on Diapause.” Hilgardia 29: 205-246.

William, G. C. 1964. The life-history of the Indian meal-moth, Plodia interpunctella (Hübner) (Lep. Phycitidae) in a warehouse in Britain and on different foods. Ann. Appl. Biol. 53:459-475.

Yoshida, T. 1970. Seasonal abundance of Indian-meal moth Plodia interpunctella Hubner (Lepidoptera). Journal of the Food Hygenic Society of Japan. 11: 33-39.

Prostephanus truncatus

Adebayo, R. A. 2007. Suitability of seeds of some wild plants as reservoir hosts for insect pests of crop seeds. MPhil. Thesis, Departments of Crop Science and Zoology, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana, 81pp.

Aguilera Peña, M. 1988. Resultados del subproyecto “taxonomía y bioecología de los insectos que dañan los granos y semillas almacenadas” [Results of the subproject “taxonomy and bioecology of insects whích damage stored grains and seeds11]. Informe técnico 1988 del programa de entomología del Campo Experimental Bajío, CIFAP-Guanajuato, Celaya, Guanajuato, [México]. Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales y Agropecuarias. 50pp.

Alba Avila, A. 1991 Ecologia de Prostephanus truncatus (Horn) (Col.: Bostrichidae) el gran barrendador de los granos en selva baja caducifolia y selva mediana subperennifolia. (Ecology of Prostephanus truncatus (Horn) (Col .: Bostrichidae) the great grazier of the grains in low deciduous forest and medium subperennifolia jungle) In Resumenes XXVI Congreso Nacional de Entomologia p. 490–491. Sociedad Mexicana de Entomologia, Veracruz, Mexico.

Avemegah, R. T. 1988. Control of Prostephanus truncatus (Horn) (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) Through the Treatment of Wood Used For the Construction of Maize Storage Barns. M. Phil., University of Ghana

Ayertey, J., W. Meikle, C. Borgemeister, M. Camara, and R. Markham. 1999. Studies on predation of Prostephanus truncatus (Horn) (Col., Bostrichidae) and Sitophilus zeamais Mots. (Col., Curculionidae) at different densities on maize by Teretriosoma nigrescens Lewis (Col., Histeridae). Journal of Applied Entomology-Zeitschrift Fur Angewandte Entomologie 123: 265-271.

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Boateng, Bernard Agyeman. 1996. Effects of Maize Variety and Season on Population Dynamics of the Larger Grain Borer, Prostephanus truncatus (Horn) (Col: Bostrichidae) and the Maize Weevil, Sitophilus zeamais Mots (Col: Curculionidae) and the Grain Losses in Traditional ‘Ewe’ Storage Barn in Ghana. M. Phil. Thesis, University of Ghana, Legon-Acrra, Ghana.

Boye, J. A. 1988. Autokologische Untersuchungen zum Verhalten des Grossen Kornbohrers Prostephanus truncatus Horn (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) in Costa Rica . (Autecological studies on the behavior of the Great Grain Borer Prostephanus truncatus Horn (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) in Costa Rica). PhD thesis, Christian Albrechts University Kiel, Germany

Bonu-Ire, S. T. M., M. Captain-Esoah, and E. D. Angyiereyiri. 2015. Predation and Parasitisation of Prostephanus truncatus by Teretrius Nigrescens and Anisopteromalus Calandrae respectively under Controlled Environmental Conditions. Journal of Biology, Agriculture and Healthcare 5:67-74.

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Pteromalus cerealellae*

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Ptinus fur

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Ptinus pusillus

Ptinus tectus

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Pyralis farinalis

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Rhabdepyris zeae*

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Rhyzopertha dominica

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Birch, L. C. 1945. Contribution to the Ecology of Calandra oryzae L. and Rhizopertha dominica Fab. Coleoptera) in Stored Wheat. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia 69 (1): 140-149.

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Ching’oma, G. P. 2006. Spatial distribution of movement of the lesser grain borer, Rhyzopertha dominica (F.). PhD Dissertation, Kansas State University Department of Entomology.

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Mahroof, R.M., Edde, P.A., Robertson, B., Puckette, T. and Phillips, T.W., 2010. Dispersal of Rhyzopertha dominica F. in different habitats. Environmental Entomology 39: 930-938.

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Scenopinus fenestralis*

Coombs, C. W. and J. A. Freeman. 1955. Insect fauna of an empty granary. Bull. Entomol. Res. 46: 399-417.

Scobica declivis

Barnes, D. F. and G. H. Kaloostian. 1940. Flight habits and seasonal abundance of dried-fruit insects. J. Econ. Entomol. 33: 115-119.

Sitophilus granarius

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Armitage, D. M., and B. E. Llewellin. 1987. The survival of Oryzaephilus surinamensis (L.)(Coleoptera: Silvanidae) and Sitophilus granarius (L.)(Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in aerated bins of wheat during British winters. Bulletin of entomological research 77(3): 457-466.

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Kucerova, Z., R. Aulicky, and V. Stejskal. 2005. Outdoor occurrence of stored-product pests (Coleoptera) in the vicinity of a grain store. Plant Prot. Sci. 41:86-89.

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Plarre, Rudy. 1996. Three-dimensional distribution of Sitophilus granarius (L.)(Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in wheat influenced by the synthetic aggregation pheromone. Journal of Stored Products Research 32(3): 275-283.

Prickett, A. and C. Ratcliffe. 1977. Behavior of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) and Sitophilus granarius (L) in Presence of Insecticide-Treated Surfaces. J. Stored Prod. Res. 13: 145-148.

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Sitophilus oryzae

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Blickenstaff, C. C. 1960. Effect of sample location within fields on corn earworm and rice weevil infestation and damage. J. Econ. Entomol. 53:745-747.

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Castro, J. de J. 1951. Ecological Studies on the Angoumois Grain Moth, Sitotroga cerealella Oliv., and the Rice Weevil Sitophilus oryzae L. Master’s thesis, Iowa State College.

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El-Nahal, A.K.M. and M.A. El-Halfawy 1973. Studies on the population density of cadelle, Tenebroides mauritanicus (L.) and the rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae (L.) (Coleoptera: Trogositidae and Curculionidae). Bulletin de la Societe Entomologique Egypte 56: 69-73.

Grenier, A. M., C. Nardon, and P. Nardon. 1994. The Role of Symbiotes in Flight Activity of Sitophilus Weevils. Entomol Exp Appl 70(3): 201-208.

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Sitophilus rugicollis

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Sitophilus zeamais

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Keever, D. W., Wiseman, B. R., and Widstrom, N. W. 1988. Effects of threshing and drying on maize weevil populations in field-infested corn. J. Econ. Entomol. 81: 727-730.

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Makundi, R.H., Swila, N.N., Misangu, R.N., Reuben, S.W.M., Mwatawala, M., Sikira, A., Kilonzo, B.S., Lyimo, H., Massawe, A.W., Ishengoma, C., 2010. Dynamics of infestation and losses of stored maize due to the larger grain borer (Prostephanus truncatus Horn) and maize weevils (Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky). Arch. Phytopathol. Pflanzenschutz 43 (14): 1346-1355.

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Morrison, Eston Odell. 1963. Effect of Environmental Factors on Population Dynamics of the Rice Weevil, Sitophilus Zea-Mais Motchulsky. PhD Thesis, Texas Agricultural and Mechanical College.

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Ungsunantwiwat, A. 1979. Laboratory Flight Studies of Grain Weevils (Curculionidae, Sitophilus). PhD Thesis, Kansas State University Department of Grain Science.

Williams, Roger Neal. 1966. Ecology of the Maize Weevil, Sitophilus zeamais (Motschulsky), Relative to Flight Habits, Attraction to Sunflowers, and Two Hymenopterous Parasites. PhD Thesis, Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College Department of Entomology.

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Sitotroga cerealella

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Barney, R. J., and Weston, P. A. 1996. Movement of Angoumois grain moth (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) in a small-farm ecosystem. Environ. Entomol. 25:261-267.

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Fan Jing’an. 1999. Study on the Population Dynamics of the Angoumois Grain Moth Sitotroga cerealella (Olivier). Beijing, China, Sichuan Publishing House of Science and Technology, 14-19 October 1998.

Fouad, Hany Ahmed, Lêda Rita D’Antonino Faroni, Evaldo Ferreira Vilela, and Eraldo Rodrigues de Lima. 2013. Flight responses of Sitotroga cerealella (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) to corn kernel volatiles in a wind tunnel. Arthropod-Plant Interactions 7(6): 651-658.

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Sellner, M. J. 2013. Seasonal activity of insects trapped in stored wheat in Kansas and stored rice in Texas. Master of Science, Department of Entomology, Kansas State University

Shahjahan, M. 1975. Some Aspects of Ecology and Control of Sitotroga cerealella Oliv (Lepidoptera, Gelechidae) in Bangladesh. Journal of Stored Products Research 11 (3-4): 239-242.

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Simmons, P. and G. W. Ellington. 1927. Dispersion of the Angoumois grain moth to wheat fields. J. Agric. Res. 34: 459-471.

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Stockel, J. 1971. Sex Trapping as a Method for Studying Dispersal of Sitotroga cerealella to Maize Fields. Entomol. Exp. Appl. 14: 39-

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Weston, P. A., Barney, R. J. and Ge, X. 1997. Host-plant characteristics and environmental factors influencing flight activity of Angoumois grain moth (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) in the field. Environ. Entomol. 26: 229-233.

Weston, P., R. Barney and J. Sedlacek. 1993. Planting Date Influences Preharvest Infestation of Dent Corn by Angoumois Grain Moth (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae). J. Econ. Entomol. 86: 174-180.

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Sophrorhinus gbanjaensis (see Balanogastris kolae)

Daramola, A. M. 1974. Studies on the survival of the kola weevils between the seasons of kola production in Southern Nigeria. Turialba 20:309-310.

Daramola, Ajibola M. 1976. The reaction of the kola weevil, Sophrorhinus gbanjaensis to moisture. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 20(3): 248-260.

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Stegobium paniceum

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Loughridge, A. H. 1977. Some studies on the population dynamics of the bread beetle Stegobium paniceum (L.) (Coleoptera: Anobiidae). PhD diss., Durham University.

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Stelidota geminata

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Tarsonemus granarius

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Sinha, Ranendra N. and Hitoshi Kawamoto. 1990. Dynamics and distribution patterns of acarine populations in stored-oat ecosystems. Res. Popul. Ecol. 32: 33-46.

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White, N. D. G. and R. N. Sinha. 1979. Natural regulation of Tarsonemus granarius numbers in stored wheat ecosystems–A multivariate assessment. p. 291-298. In Rodriguez, J. G. ed. Recent Advances in Acarology vol. 1 Academic Press, Inc., N. Y.

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White, Noël DG, Digvir S. Jayas and Ranendra N. Sinha. 1994. Impact of pirimiphos-methyl and cold temperatures on arthropod populations in stored wheat. Phytoprotection 75(2): 79-90.

Tenebrio molitor

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Coombs, C. W. and J. A. Freeman. 1955. Insect fauna of an empty granary. Bull. Entomol. Res. 46: 399-417.

Punzo, Fred. 1975. Effects of temperature, moisture and thermal acclimation on the biology of Tenebrio molitor (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) PhD diss., Iowa State University

Smith, L. B., and Barker, P. S. 1987. Distribution of insects found in granary residues in the Canadian prairies, Can. Entomol., 119: 873-880.

Williams, Gwyneth C. 1961. Infestation of a disused flour mill. Milling, London 136(4): 92

Tenebrio syriacus

Salama, H. S. E. A. 1973. Seasonal fluctuations in the population of insect fauna in flour mills. Zeitschrift fuer Angewandte Entomologie 74: 160-169.

Tenebroides mauritanicus

Coombs, C. W. and J. A. Freeman. 1955. Insect fauna of an empty granary. Bull. Entomol. Res. 46: 399-417

Coskuncu, K. S., and B. Kovanci. 2005. Studies on the biology and distribution of cadelle, Tenebroides mauritanicus (L.) (Coleoptera: Trogossitidae) in Bursa, Turkey. Journal of Entomology 2: 17-20.

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Kim, Kyu Chin, Seon Gon Kim and Hyeon Soon Choi. 1988. An investigation of insect pest and maximum occurrence period of key pest insects on stored rice grains. Korean J. Appl. Entomol. 27: 117-124.

Salama, H. S. E. A. 1973. Seasonal fluctuations in the population of insect fauna in flour mills. Zeitschrift fuer Angewandte Entomologie 74: 160-169.

Teretrius nigrescens*

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Camara, M., C. Borgemeister, R. Markham, and H. Poehling. 2003. Electrophoretic analysis of the prey spectrum of Teretrius nigrescens (Lewis) (Col., Histeridae), a predator of Prostephanus truncatus (Horn) (Col., Bostrichidae), in Mexico, Honduras, and Benin. J. Appl. Entomol. 127: 360-368.

Camara, M. (1996) Elektrophoretische Untersuchung des Beutespektrums von Teretriosoma nigrescens Lewis (Col.: Histeridae), ein natürlicher Feind des Großen Kornbohrers Prostephanus truncatus (Horn) (Col.: Bostrichidae) [Electrophoretic investigations of the prey composition of Teretriosoma nigrescens Lewis (Col.: Histeridae), a natural enemy of the larger grain borer Prostephanus truncatus (Horn) (Col.: Bostrichidae)]. Ph. D. dissertation, University of Göttingen, Germany.

Giles, P. H., Hill, M. G., Nang’ayo, F. L. O., Farrell, G., and Kibata, G. N. 1996. Release and establishment of the predator Teretriosoma nigrescens Lewis for the biological control of Prostephanus truncatus (Horn) in Kenya. Afr. Crop Sci. J. 4: 325-337.

Helbig, J. 1995. The Ecology of Prostephanus truncatus in Togo with particular emphasis on interaction with the predator Teretriosoma nigrescens. GTZ, Eschborn, Germany. 111 pp.

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Wool, D. 1969. Differences in population parameters of two Tribolium castaneum strains in environments of different shapes. Researches on Population Ecology 11 (1): 45–56.

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Yoshida, T. and Kenzi Kawano 1959. Fauna and community structure of the insects in the grain stored at farm-houses: the ecological studies of the pests infesting stored grains. Part 3. Miyazaki Daigaku Gakugei Gakubu Kiyo III Shizen Kagaku Memoirs of the Faculty of Liberal Arts and Education, Miyazaki University; Natural Science 7: 33–61.

Zhang, Tao, Yi Wu, Lijun Liu, Zihua Zhao, Zhongming Wang, Peihuan He, Yang Cao, and Zhihong Li. 2018. Research on the Geographical Distribution of Tribolium Castaneum (Herbst) in China (in Chinese). Journal of Chinese Cereal Oil Association 33: 70–75.

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Ziegler, J. R. 1972. Maintenance and regulation of unconfined populations of Tribolium, the flour beetle. Ph.D. Thesis. Univ. Chicago.

Ziegler, J.R., 1976. Evolution of the migration response: emigration by Tribolium and the influence of age. Evolution 30:579-592.

Ziegler, James R. 1977. Dispersal and reproduction in Tribolium: the influence of food level. Journal of Insect Physiology 23(8): 955-960.

Ziegler, J. R., 1978. Dispersal and reproduction in Tribolium: the influence of initial density. Environ. Entomol. 7: 148–156.

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Zyromska-Rudzka, H. 1964. The migratory tendency of two strains of Tribolium castaneum (Hbst) – Preliminary observations. Ekologia Polska 12: 379-388.

Zyromska-Rudzka, H. 1966. Abundance and emigrations of Tribolium in a laboratory model. Ekologia Polska 14 (27): 491–518

Tribolium confusum

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Degheidi, M. A., and S. S. El-Gendi. 1995. Effect of seasonal variation and storage period on the insect infestation of “Ras” Cheese. Egyptian J. Food Sci. 23(1/2): 47-56.

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Hawkin, Karen J., Dean M. Stanbridge and Paul G. Fields 2013. Sampling Tribolium castaneum and Tribolium confusum in flour mill rollstands. Journal of Stored Products Research 52: 7-11

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Spittler.G.H. and Hartsell, P. L. 1975. Pirimiphos-methyl as a protectant for stored inshell almonds. J. Econ. Entomol. 68: 777-780

Trematerra, P., P. Gentile, A. Brunetti, L. E. Collins and J. Charnbers. 2007. Spatio-temporal analysis of trap catches of Tribolium confusum du Val in a semolina-mill, with a comparison of female and male distributions. J. Stored Prod. Res. 43:315-322.

Williams, Gwyneth C. 1961. Infestation of a disused flour mill. Milling, London 136(4): 92

Trichogramma evanescens*

Ambrosius, F. 2003. Zum Eindringverhalten des Eiparasitoiden Trichogramma evanescens Westwood (Hym.: Trichogrammatidae) als Gegenspieler der Dorrobstmotte Plodia interpunctella Hubner (Lep.: Pyralidae) im Rahmen einer biologischen Bekampfung an Lebensmittelverpackungen-auch im Hinblick auf die Lebensmittelsicherheit (To penetration of the egg parasitoids Trichogramma evanescens Westwood (Hym.: Trichogrammatidae) as an opponent of the Indian Meal moth Plodia interpunctella Hubner (Lep.: Pyralidae) in the context of biological control of food packaging-also in terms of food safety). Diploma-thesis, Free University, Berlin.

Trichogramma pretiosum*

Brower J. H., 1990.- Host location ability of Trichogramma pretiosum Riley in inshell peanuts under laboratory conditions. Journal of Agricultural Entomology, 7: 265-273.

Trigonogenius globulus

Williams, Gwyneth C. 1961. Infestation of a disused flour mill. Milling, London 136(4): 92

Trogoderma glabrum

Hagstrum, D. W. 1987. Seasonal variation of stored wheat environment and insect populations, Environ. Entomol., 16: 77-83.

Hagstrum, D. W., Milliken, G. A. and Waddell, M. S. 1985. Insect distribution in bulk stored wheat in relation to detection or estimation of abundance. Environ. Entomol. 14: 655‑661.

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Shapas, T., and W. Burkholder. 1978. Patterns of Sex-Pheromone Release from Adult Females, and Effects of Air Velocity and Pheromone Release Rates on Theoretical Communication Distances in Trogoderma glabrum (Coleoptera-Dermestidae). J. Chem. Ecol. 4:395-408.

Shapas, T., and W. Burkholder. 1978. Diel and Age-Dependent Behavioral Patterns of Exposure-Concealment in 3 Species of Trogoderma (Coleoptera-Dermestidae) – Simple Mechanisms for Enhancing Reproductive Isolation in Chemically Mediated Mating Systems. J. Chem. Ecol. 4: 409-423.

White, G. D., and McGregor, H. E. 1957. Epidemic infestations of wheat by a dermestid, Trogoderma glabrum (Herbst). J. Econ. Entomol. 50:382-385.

Trogoderma granarium

Ahmad, Akhlaq, Qazi Mehmood Ali, Mubarik Ahmed, and Muhammad Abbas. 2014. Effect of temperature on population buildup of khapra beetle, Trogoderma granarium (Everts) and its damage intensity caused to stored wheat. Pak. Entomol. 36(2): 123-127.

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Badawy. A. and Hassan, H. M. 1964. Studies on a natural infestation of the khapra beetle. Trogoderma grnnarium Everts, in stored wheat in the Sudan (Coleoptera: Dermestidae). Bull. Soc. Entomol. Egypt 48: 273-280.

Bains, S. S., G. S. Battu, and A. S. Atwal. 1974. Population Dynamics of Trogoderma granarium Everts (Coleoptera: Dermestidae) in Rural Wheat Stores in the Punjab. Indian Journal of Ecology 1(1): 38-47.

Bains, S. S., Battu, G. S. and Atwal, A. S. 1976. Distribution of Trogoderma granarium Everts and other stored grain insect pests in Punjab and losses caused by them. Bull. grain Technol. 14: 18-29.

Banks, H. J. 1977. Distribution and establishment of Trogoderma granarium Everts (Coleoptera: Dermestidae): climatic and other influences. J. Stored Prod. Res. 13: 183-202.

Burges, H. D. 1959. Studies on the Dermestid Beetle Trogoderma granarium Everts. III. Ecology in Malt Stotes. Annals of Applied Biology 47(3): 445-462.

Burges, H. D. 1962. Studies on the dermestid beetle Trogoderma granarium Everts. V. Reactions of diapause larvae to temperature. Bull. Entomol. Res. 53: 193-213.

Chakrvorthy, S., Das H. Chandra and Das N. Ranjan, 1983. Seasonal changes in densities of some insect pests in a population on stored grains. Environment and Ecology 1(1): 11-14.

Chahal, B.S. and M. Ramzan. 1991. Multiplication of Khapra beetle on wheat fumigated with phosphine. Indian J. Ecol. 18: 86-87.

Chaudhary, J. and R. Kapil. 1976. Reproductive-Biology of Khapra Beetle, Trogoderma granarium Ev (Col, Dermestidae). Zeitschrift Fur Angewandte Entomologie-Journal of Applied Entomology 81: 30-37.

Dal Monte, G. 1960. Il pericolo della diffusione in Italia del Trogoderma granarium, Everts. (The danger of the spread in Italy of Trogoderma granarium, Everts), pp. 313-316. In Anonymous Proceedings of the 11th International congress of entomology, 17-25 Aug., 1960, Vienna.

Dlugosz, Dariusz and Slawomir Lux. 1991. Behaviour of the khapra beetle Trogoderma granarium Everts (Coleoptera: Dermestidae)–a review. Wiadomosci Entomologiczne 10(4): 239-246.

Howe, R. and D. Lindgren. 1957. How Much can the Khapra Beetle Spread in the USA. J. Econ. Entomol. 50: 374-375.

Jakhar, B. L. 2004. Bio-Ecology and Management of Khapra Beetle, Trogoderma granarium Everts on Wheat. Doctoral dissertation, Rajasthan Agricultural University.

Karnavar, G. K. 1972. Mating behaviour and fecundity in Trogoderma granarium (Coleoptera: Dermestidae). J. Stored Prod. Res. 8: 65-69.

Kavallieratos, Nickolas G., Christos G. Athanassiou, Raul N. C. Guedes, Johanna D. Drempela and Maria C. Boukouvala. 2017. Invader Competition with Local Competitors: Displacement or Coexistence among the Invasive Khapra Beetle, Trogoderma granarium Everts (Coleoptera: Dermestidae), and Two Other Major Stored-Grain Beetles? Frontiers in plant science Volume 8 | Article 1837 The Supplementary Material for this article can be found online at: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2017.01837/full#supplementary-material

Lin, T. and C. H. Li. 1983. Studies on Ecology of Khapra Beetle, Trogoderma granarium E. J. Agric. Res. China 32: 383-389.

Mahmood, T., M. Ahmad and H. Ahmad. 1996. Dispersion of stored grain insect pests in a wheat-filled silo. Int. J. Pest Manage. 42: 321-324.

Nutting, W. L. and Gerhardt, P. D. 1964. A study of the Khapra beetle, Trogoderma granarium, in commercial grain storages in southern Arizona. J. Econ. Entomol. 57: 305-314.

Rajendran, S. 1982. Post-fumigation productivity of Trogoderma granarium Everts (Coleoptera: Dermestidae). Bulletin of Entomological Research 72(2): 247-251.

Salmond, K. F. 1958. Studies on Trogoderma granarium Everts (Dermestidae-Coleoptera): II. Numbers, distribution and activity of Trogoderma granarium in the fabric of a Cape-steel storage shed. p.51-57. In Stored Food Products. Meeting of specialists on stored food products, Salisbury, 1957. Commission for Technical Co-operation in Africa South of the Sahara Publication No. 31.

Shulov, A. 1955. A Contribution to the Ecology of Trogoderma granaria Everts. Proceedings of the Indian Academy of Sciences – Section B 42 (1): 1-13.

Sohi, G. S. 1966. Response of the larvae of Trogoderma granarium Everts (Dermestidae: Coleoptera) to different types of light. Journal of Research, Punjab Agricultural University 3:166-173.

Sohi, G. S. 1986. Influence of food on the phototactic response of the larvae of Trogoderma granarium Everts (Dermestidae: Coleoptera). Indian J. Ecol. 13: 179-182.

Stanic, V., and A. Shulov. 1972. Migratory Behavior of Diapausing Larvae of Trogoderma granarium (Coleoptera, Dermestidae) in Relation to Odors Produced in their Culture Medium. J. Stored Prod. Res. 8:95-101

Tamhankar, A., K. Gothi, and G. Rahalkar. 1987. Influence of Temperature-Induced Larval Diapause on Pheromone Production by the Female Khapra Beetle Trogoderma granarium Everts. Indian. J. Exp. Biol. 25: 276-277.

Viljoen, J. 1990. The Occurrence of Trogoderma (Coleoptera, Dermestidae) and Related Species in Southern Africa with Special Reference to T-Granarium and its Potential to Become Established. J. Stored Prod. Res. 26: 43-51.

Yinon, U. and A. Shulov. 1969. Distribution of Trogoderma granarium (Coleoptera, Dermestidae) at constant humidity and in a gradient of humidity. J. Stored Prod. Res. 5(4): 371-378.

Trogoderma grassmani

Trogoderma inclusum

Hagstrum, D. W. 1987. Seasonal variation of stored wheat environment and insect populations, Environ. Entomol., 16: 77-83.

Stanic, V. and A. Shulov. 1969. Olfactory Response of Trogoderma granarium Adults (Col, Dermest) to Odours of Wheat, Faeces and some Faecal Components. J. Stored Prod. Res. 5: 299-304.

Trogoderma ornatum

Trogoderma simplex

Trogoderma sternale

Trogoderma variabile

Arthur, F. H., J. F. Campbell, and M. D. Toews. 2014. Distribution, abundance, and seasonal patterns of stored product beetles in a commercial food storage facility. J. Stored Prod. Res. 56:21-32.

Campbell, J., and R. Arbogast. 2004. Stored-product insects in a flour mill: population dynamics and response to fumigation treatments. Entomol. Exp. Appl. 112: 217-225.

Campbell, J. F., and Mullen, M. A. 2004. Distribution and dispersal behavior of Trogoderma variabile and Plodia interpunctella outside a food processing plant. J. Econ. Entomol. 97:1455-1464.

Campbell, J., M. Mullen and A. Dowdy. 2002. Monitoring stored-product pests in food processing plants with pheromone trapping, contour mapping, and mark-recapture. J. Econ. Entomol. 95: 1089-1101.

Elbert, A. 1979. Ecological-Studies on the Regulation of Larval Diapause of Trogoderma variabile Ball (Col, Dermestidae). Zeitschrift Fur Angewandte Entomologie-Journal of Applied Entomology 88: 268-282.

Elbert, A., and H. Z. Levinson. 1979. Regulation of diapause in larvae of Trogoderma variabile by population density. Naturwissensch. 66: 621-622.

Wright, E. and R. Morton. 1995. Daily Flight Activity of Trogoderma variabile (Coleoptera, Dermestidae) and Rhyzopertha dominica (Coleoptera, Bostrichidae). J. Stored Prod. Res. 31: 177-184.

Tydeus interruptus

Typhaea stercorea

Arbogast, Richard T., Paul E. Kendra, Richard W. Mankin and Richard C. McDonald 2002. Insect infestation of a botanicals warehouse in north-central Florida. Journal of Stored Products Research 38: 349–363

Arbogast, R., P. Kendra, D. Weaver, and B. Subramanyam. 2000. Phenology and spatial pattern of Typhaea stercorea (Coleoptera : Mycetophagidae) infesting stored grain: Estimation by pitfall trapping. J. Econ. Entomol. 93: 240-251.

Barnes, D. F. and G. H. Kaloostian. 1940. Flight habits and seasonal abundance of dried-fruit insects. J. Econ. Entomol. 33: 115-119.

Barrer, P. M. 1983. A field demonstration of odour-based, host-food finding behaviour in several species of stored grain insects. Journal of Stored Products Research 19(3): 105-110.

Dowdy, A., and W. McGaughey. 1994. Seasonal Activity of Stored-Product Insects in and Around Farm-Stored Wheat. J. Econ. Entomol. 87: 1351-1358.

Franqui–Rivera, R. A. 1995. Behaviour, patterns of seasonal activity, and cold tolerance in Bracon hebetor Say (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Ph.D. Thesis, University of Wisconsin–Madison.

Hagstrum, D. W. 2000. Using five sampling methods to measure insect distribution and abundance in bins storing wheat. J. Stored Prod. Res. 36: 253-262.

Hagstrum, D. 2001. Immigration of insects into bins storing newly harvested wheat on 12 Kansas farms. J. Stored Prod. Res. 37: 221-229.

Hagstrum, D. W. 1987. Seasonal variation of stored wheat environment and insect populations, Environ. Entomol. 16: 77-83.

Hagstrum, D. W., Milliken, G. A. and Waddell, M. S. 1985. Insect distribution in bulk stored wheat in relation to detection or estimation of abundance. Environ. Entomol. 14: 655‑661.

Kucerova, Z., R. Aulicky, and V. Stejskal. 2005. Outdoor occurrence of stored-product pests (Coleoptera) in the vicinity of a grain store. Plant Prot. Sci. 41:86-89.

Schwitzgebel, R.B.,Walkden, H.H., 1944. Summer infestation of farm-stored grain by migrating insects. Journal of Economic Entomology 37, 21-24.

Sellner, M. J. 2013. Seasonal activity of insects trapped in stored wheat in Kansas and stored rice in Texas. Master of Science, Department of Entomology, Kansas State University

Tyrophagus longior

Tyrophagus perniciosus

Tyrophagus putrescentiae

Amoah, B. A. 2016. Monitoring populations of the ham mite, Tyrophagus putrescentiae (Schrank) (Acari: Acaridae) research on traps, orientation behavior, and sampling techniques. PhD diss., Kansas State University, Department: Entomology.

Amoah, B., M. W. Schilling, and T. W. Phillips. 2016. Monitoring Tyrophagus putrescentiae (Acari: Acaridae) With Traps in Dry-Cured Ham Aging Rooms. Environ. Entomol. 45: 1029-1039.

Fleurat-Lessard, F. 1976. Influence de l’humidite sur le developpement des populations d’acariens dans les stocks d’oleagineux et de cereales. Bulletin OEPP.EPPO bulletin 6: 391-398.

Palyvos, N. E. and N. G. Emmanouel. 2006. Seasonal abundance and vertical distribution of mites in flat storage containing wheat. Phytoparasitica 34(1): 25-36.

Sinha, R. N. 1968. Seasonal changes in mite populations in rural granaries in Japan. Ann. Entomol. Soc. Amer. 61: 938-949.

Smrz, J. and E. Jungova. 1989. The Ecology of a Field Population of Tyrophagus putrescentiae (Acari, Acaridida). Pedobiologia 33(3): 183-192.

Zdarkova, E. 1971. Orientation of Tyrophagus putrescentiae (Schrank) towards olfactory stimuli. p. 241-246. In Proceedings 3rd International Congress Acarology, Prague

Zdarkova, E. 1974. Food searching behaviour of some stored product mites. p. 245-247. In: Proc. 4th International. Congress Acarology

Uscana lariophaga*

Stolk C., 2002.- Biocontrol in store: spatial and behavioural apsects of foraging by Uscana lariophaga, egg parasitoid of Callosobruchus maculatus, in stored cowpea, 160 p., PhD thesis, Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University, The Netherlands.

Stolk, C., W. v. d. Werf., and A. v. Huis. 2002. Bugs in space: aspects of the system Callosobruchus maculatus (Col.: Bruchidae) and Uscana lariophaga (Hym.: Trichogrammatidae) in stored cowpea. IOBC/wprs Bulletin 25: 141-144.

van Alebeek, Frans A.N., Antwi, Kwaku Kyei, van Huis, Arnold and van Lenteren, Joop C. 2007. Dispersal and functional response of Uscana lariophaga in two different habitats: stored cowpea pods and seeds. Bulletin Insectology 60: 63–70.

Venturia canescens*

Ahmad, T. 1936. Influence of Ecological Factors on the Mediterranean Flour Moth, Ephesita kuehniella and its Parasite, Nemeritis canescens. Journal of Animal Ecology 5: 67-93.

Casas J, Driessen G, Mandon N, Wielaard B, Desouhant E, Van Alphen JJM, Lapchin L, Rivero A, Christides JP, Bernstein C. 2003. Energy dynamics in a parasitoid foraging in the wild. J Anim Ecol 72: 691–697.

Casas J, Nisbet RM, Swarbrick S and Murdoch WW 2000. Eggload dynamics and oviposition rate in a wild population of a parasitic wasp. J. Anim. Ecol. 69: 185-193.

Desouhant, E., G. Driessen, B. Wielaard, L. Lapchin, and C. Bernstein. 2003. Dispersal between host populations in field conditions: navigation rules in the parasitoid Venturia canescens. Ecol. Entomol. 28:257-267.

Desouhant, Emmanuel, Patrice Lucchetta, David Giron, and Carlos Bernstein. 2010. Feeding activity pattern in a parasitic wasp when foraging in the field. Ecological research 25(2): 419-428.

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Lukáš, J., C. Bernstein, H. Gu, and S. Dorn. 2010. Could different environmental conditions select for different flight characteristics in sexual and asexual parasitoid Venturia canescens? Entomol. Exp. Appl. 136:80-88.

Lukáš, J., and V. Stejskal. 2004. Population dynamics of Venturia canescens inside and outside of mills, pp. 38-39. In L. Stengård Hansen, M. Wakefield, J. Lukáš and V. Stejskal (eds.), Biocontrol of Arthropod Pests in the Stored Products. Proceedings of the 3rd meeting of the Working Group IV of the COST Action 842 (1999-2004), 4-5 December 2003, Berlin, Germany. Research Institute of Crop Production, Prague.

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Vitula serratilineella

Donohoe, Heber C. and Dwight F. Barnes. 1934. Notes on field trapping of Lepidoptera attacking dried fruits. J. Econ. Entomol. 28: 1067-1072.

Xylocoris favipes*

Helbig, J. 1999. Efficacy of Xylocoris flavipes (Reuter) (Heteroptera: Anthocoridae) to suppress Prostephanus truncatus (Horn) (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) in traditional maize stores in southern Togo. Journal of Applied Entomology 123:503-508.

LeCato, G. 1975. Habitat-Influencing Predation by Xylocoris flavipes (Reuter) (Hemiptera-Anthocoridae). Am. Midl. Nat. 93: 510-512.

Press, J. W., B. R. Flaherty, and R. T. Arbogast. 1979. Vertical dispersion and control efficacy of the predator Xylocoris flavipes (Reuter)(Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) in farmers stock peanuts. Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society 52: 561-564.

Press, J., G. LeCato, and B. Flaherty. 1978. Influence of Media Particle-Size on Distribution of Predaceous Bug Xylocoris flavipes (Hemiptera-Anthocoridae). Journal of the Georgia Entomological Society 13: 274-278.

Sellner, M. J. 2013. Seasonal activity of insects trapped in stored wheat in Kansas and stored rice in Texas. Master of Science, Department of Entomology, Kansas State University

Xylocoris galactinus*

Yao, W., and G. Lu. 1993. Investigation on the distribution of the predaceous bug Xylocoris galactinus in bulk-stored paddy. Chinese Journal of Biological Control 9:96-97.

Zabrotes subfasciatus

Utida, S. 1967. Collective oviposition and larval aggregation in Zabrotes subfasciatus (Boh.) (Coleoptera, bruchidae) J. Stored Prod. Res. 2: 315-322.

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